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<title>自由软件和可持续发展 - GNU 工程 - 自由软件基金会</title>
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<h2>自由软件和可持续发展</h2>
<address class="byline">Richard Stallman 著</address>
<p>许多组织希望通过推广计算机的使用来促进发展，它们犯了一个根本性错误：它们推广使用专有软件/非自由软件。使用专有软件不是发展；它使社会受制于人，而不是坚强有力。</p>
<p>像 MS Windows 和 Macintosh
这样的专有系统使用一种分裂用户并让他们变得无助的方式来分发。它们分裂用户是因为每个用户都被禁止和其他人分享程序；它们让用户无助是因为其软件
“计划” 是一个秘密。用户无法修改程序，甚至连验证程序是否按照开发者所说运行（或者是不是还有些是开发者没说的）也不行。</p>
<p>避免被分裂和变得无助的方法就是使用自由软件。自由软件尊重用户的自由。具体来说，自由软件意味着用户拥有四项基本自由：研究软件源代码的自由、按需修改软件的自由、分发软件副本的自由、发布软件修改版的自由。自由软件是人类知识的一部分。</p>
<p>自由软件使用得越多，社会就越强大。自由软件能够被世界上所有的人自由使用、学会、维护并适配。这是真正的发展。</p>
<p>反之，专有软件使用得越多，社会对富裕国家的少数企业的依赖就越深。专有软件是科技秘密，其他人被禁止学习、禁止维护、禁止适配、禁止扩展。它只能在某个公司的直接控制之下使用，否则就是非法。对专有软件的依赖不是发展，是电子殖民。</p>
<p>更多关于自由软件和 GNU/Linux 操作系统的信息，请参看 see www.gnu.org。</p>
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<p>本文于 2005 年首次发表在 <a
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060623003714/http://www.insnet.org/ins_headlines.rxml?cust=212&id=967">insnet.org</a>。</p>
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