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diff --git a/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/gpl-american-way.html b/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/gpl-american-way.html index b35ea7e..4b60d2b 100644 --- a/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/gpl-american-way.html +++ b/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/gpl-american-way.html @@ -1,13 +1,19 @@ <!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" --> -<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 --> +<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 --> +<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html --> +<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays licensing copyleft" --> +<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --> <title>The GNU GPL and the American Way - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title> <!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/gpl-american-way.translist" --> <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" --> - +<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" --> +<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE--> +<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" --> +<div class="article reduced-width"> <h2>The GNU GPL and the American Way</h2> -<p>by <strong>Richard M. Stallman</strong></p> +<address class="byline">by Richard M. Stallman</address> <p> Microsoft describes the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL) as an @@ -29,7 +35,7 @@ comes from the ideals of 1776: freedom, community, and voluntary cooperation. This is what leads to free enterprise, to free speech, and to free software.</p> <p> -As in “free enterprise” and “free speech”, the +As in “free enterprise” and “free speech,” the “free” in “free software” refers to freedom, not price; specifically, it means that you have the freedom to study, change, and redistribute the software you use. These freedoms permit @@ -89,7 +95,7 @@ purpose is strategic—not to improve computing for its users, but to close off alternatives for them.</p> <p> Microsoft uses an anticompetitive strategy called “embrace and -extend”. This means they start with the technology others are +extend.” This means they start with the technology others are using, add a minor wrinkle which is secret so that nobody else can imitate it, then use that secret wrinkle so that only Microsoft software can communicate with other Microsoft software. In some @@ -113,7 +119,7 @@ to abandon our defenses.</p> But defenselessness is not the American Way. In the land of the brave and the free, we defend our freedom with the GNU GPL.</p> -<h4>Addendum:</h4> +<h3 class="footnote">Addendum:</h3> <p> Microsoft says that the GPL is against “intellectual property @@ -125,7 +131,7 @@ the laws and in their effects, that any statement about all of them at once is surely simplistic. To think intelligently about copyrights, patents or trademarks, you must think about them separately. The first step is declining to lump them together as “intellectual -property”.</p> +property.”</p> <p> My views about copyright take an hour to expound, but one general principle applies: it cannot justify denying the public important @@ -133,9 +139,11 @@ freedoms. As Abraham Lincoln put it, “Whenever there is a conflict between human rights and property rights, human rights must prevail.” Property rights are meant to advance human well-being, not as an excuse to disregard it.</p> +</div> + </div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above --> <!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --> -<div id="footer"> +<div id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="unprintable"> <p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a @@ -153,29 +161,46 @@ href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p> to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org"> <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p> - <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of + <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of our web pages, see <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a>. --> Please see the <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for -information on coordinating and submitting translations of this article.</p> +information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p> </div> -<p>Copyright © 2001 Richard M. Stallman</p> +<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to + files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should + be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this + without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first. + Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the + document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the + document was modified, or published. + + If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too. + Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying + years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable + year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including + being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system). + + There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers + Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. --> + +<p>Copyright © 2001, 2021 Richard M. Stallman</p> <p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" -href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative -Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p> +href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative +Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p> <!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" --> <p class="unprintable">Updated: <!-- timestamp start --> -$Date: 2014/04/12 12:40:09 $ +$Date: 2021/09/12 08:14:17 $ <!-- timestamp end --> </p> </div> -</div> +</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include --> </body> </html> |