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.. _process:
:c:type:`uv_process_t` --- Process handle
=========================================
Process handles will spawn a new process and allow the user to control it and
establish communication channels with it using streams.
Data types
----------
.. c:type:: uv_process_t
Process handle type.
.. c:type:: uv_process_options_t
Options for spawning the process (passed to :c:func:`uv_spawn`.
::
typedef struct uv_process_options_s {
uv_exit_cb exit_cb;
const char* file;
char** args;
char** env;
const char* cwd;
unsigned int flags;
int stdio_count;
uv_stdio_container_t* stdio;
uv_uid_t uid;
uv_gid_t gid;
} uv_process_options_t;
.. c:type:: void (*uv_exit_cb)(uv_process_t*, int64_t exit_status, int term_signal)
Type definition for callback passed in :c:type:`uv_process_options_t` which
will indicate the exit status and the signal that caused the process to
terminate, if any.
.. c:type:: uv_process_flags
Flags to be set on the flags field of :c:type:`uv_process_options_t`.
::
enum uv_process_flags {
/*
* Set the child process' user id.
*/
UV_PROCESS_SETUID = (1 << 0),
/*
* Set the child process' group id.
*/
UV_PROCESS_SETGID = (1 << 1),
/*
* Do not wrap any arguments in quotes, or perform any other escaping, when
* converting the argument list into a command line string. This option is
* only meaningful on Windows systems. On Unix it is silently ignored.
*/
UV_PROCESS_WINDOWS_VERBATIM_ARGUMENTS = (1 << 2),
/*
* Spawn the child process in a detached state - this will make it a process
* group leader, and will effectively enable the child to keep running after
* the parent exits. Note that the child process will still keep the
* parent's event loop alive unless the parent process calls uv_unref() on
* the child's process handle.
*/
UV_PROCESS_DETACHED = (1 << 3),
/*
* Hide the subprocess window that would normally be created. This option is
* only meaningful on Windows systems. On Unix it is silently ignored.
*/
UV_PROCESS_WINDOWS_HIDE = (1 << 4),
/*
* Hide the subprocess console window that would normally be created. This
* option is only meaningful on Windows systems. On Unix it is silently
* ignored.
*/
UV_PROCESS_WINDOWS_HIDE_CONSOLE = (1 << 5),
/*
* Hide the subprocess GUI window that would normally be created. This
* option is only meaningful on Windows systems. On Unix it is silently
* ignored.
*/
UV_PROCESS_WINDOWS_HIDE_GUI = (1 << 6)
};
.. c:type:: uv_stdio_container_t
Container for each stdio handle or fd passed to a child process.
::
typedef struct uv_stdio_container_s {
uv_stdio_flags flags;
union {
uv_stream_t* stream;
int fd;
} data;
} uv_stdio_container_t;
.. c:type:: uv_stdio_flags
Flags specifying how a stdio should be transmitted to the child process.
::
typedef enum {
UV_IGNORE = 0x00,
UV_CREATE_PIPE = 0x01,
UV_INHERIT_FD = 0x02,
UV_INHERIT_STREAM = 0x04,
/*
* When UV_CREATE_PIPE is specified, UV_READABLE_PIPE and UV_WRITABLE_PIPE
* determine the direction of flow, from the child process' perspective. Both
* flags may be specified to create a duplex data stream.
*/
UV_READABLE_PIPE = 0x10,
UV_WRITABLE_PIPE = 0x20
/*
* Open the child pipe handle in overlapped mode on Windows.
* On Unix it is silently ignored.
*/
UV_OVERLAPPED_PIPE = 0x40
} uv_stdio_flags;
Public members
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.. c:member:: uv_process_t.pid
The PID of the spawned process. It's set after calling :c:func:`uv_spawn`.
.. note::
The :c:type:`uv_handle_t` members also apply.
.. c:member:: uv_process_options_t.exit_cb
Callback called after the process exits.
.. c:member:: uv_process_options_t.file
Path pointing to the program to be executed.
.. c:member:: uv_process_options_t.args
Command line arguments. args[0] should be the path to the program. On
Windows this uses `CreateProcess` which concatenates the arguments into a
string this can cause some strange errors. See the
``UV_PROCESS_WINDOWS_VERBATIM_ARGUMENTS`` flag on :c:type:`uv_process_flags`.
.. c:member:: uv_process_options_t.env
Environment for the new process. If NULL the parents environment is used.
.. c:member:: uv_process_options_t.cwd
Current working directory for the subprocess.
.. c:member:: uv_process_options_t.flags
Various flags that control how :c:func:`uv_spawn` behaves. See
:c:type:`uv_process_flags`.
.. c:member:: uv_process_options_t.stdio_count
.. c:member:: uv_process_options_t.stdio
The `stdio` field points to an array of :c:type:`uv_stdio_container_t`
structs that describe the file descriptors that will be made available to
the child process. The convention is that stdio[0] points to stdin,
fd 1 is used for stdout, and fd 2 is stderr.
.. note::
On Windows file descriptors greater than 2 are available to the child process only if
the child processes uses the MSVCRT runtime.
.. c:member:: uv_process_options_t.uid
.. c:member:: uv_process_options_t.gid
Libuv can change the child process' user/group id. This happens only when
the appropriate bits are set in the flags fields.
.. note::
This is not supported on Windows, :c:func:`uv_spawn` will fail and set the error
to ``UV_ENOTSUP``.
.. c:member:: uv_stdio_container_t.flags
Flags specifying how the stdio container should be passed to the child. See
:c:type:`uv_stdio_flags`.
.. c:member:: uv_stdio_container_t.data
Union containing either the stream or fd to be passed on to the child
process.
API
---
.. c:function:: void uv_disable_stdio_inheritance(void)
Disables inheritance for file descriptors / handles that this process
inherited from its parent. The effect is that child processes spawned by
this process don't accidentally inherit these handles.
It is recommended to call this function as early in your program as possible,
before the inherited file descriptors can be closed or duplicated.
.. note::
This function works on a best-effort basis: there is no guarantee that libuv can discover
all file descriptors that were inherited. In general it does a better job on Windows than
it does on Unix.
.. c:function:: int uv_spawn(uv_loop_t* loop, uv_process_t* handle, const uv_process_options_t* options)
Initializes the process handle and starts the process. If the process is
successfully spawned, this function will return 0. Otherwise, the
negative error code corresponding to the reason it couldn't spawn is
returned.
Possible reasons for failing to spawn would include (but not be limited to)
the file to execute not existing, not having permissions to use the setuid or
setgid specified, or not having enough memory to allocate for the new
process.
.. versionchanged:: 1.24.0 Added `UV_PROCESS_WINDOWS_HIDE_CONSOLE` and
`UV_PROCESS_WINDOWS_HIDE_GUI` flags.
.. c:function:: int uv_process_kill(uv_process_t* handle, int signum)
Sends the specified signal to the given process handle. Check the documentation
on :c:ref:`signal` for signal support, specially on Windows.
.. c:function:: int uv_kill(int pid, int signum)
Sends the specified signal to the given PID. Check the documentation
on :c:ref:`signal` for signal support, specially on Windows.
.. c:function:: uv_pid_t uv_process_get_pid(const uv_process_t* handle)
Returns `handle->pid`.
.. versionadded:: 1.19.0
.. seealso:: The :c:type:`uv_handle_t` API functions also apply.
|
