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node-gyp
=========
### Node.js native addon build tool
`node-gyp` is a cross-platform command-line tool written in Node.js for compiling
native addon modules for Node.js. It bundles the [gyp](https://gyp.gsrc.io)
project used by the Chromium team and takes away the pain of dealing with the
various differences in build platforms. It is the replacement to the `node-waf`
program which is removed for node `v0.8`. If you have a native addon for node that
still has a `wscript` file, then you should definitely add a `binding.gyp` file
to support the latest versions of node.
Multiple target versions of node are supported (i.e. `0.8`, ..., `4`, `5`, `6`,
etc.), regardless of what version of node is actually installed on your system
(`node-gyp` downloads the necessary development files or headers for the target version).
#### Features:
* Easy to use, consistent interface
* Same commands to build your module on every platform
* Supports multiple target versions of Node
Installation
------------
You can install with `npm`:
``` bash
$ npm install -g node-gyp
```
You will also need to install:
* On Unix:
* `python` (`v2.7` recommended, `v3.x.x` is __*not*__ supported)
* `make`
* A proper C/C++ compiler toolchain, like [GCC](https://gcc.gnu.org)
* On Mac OS X:
* `python` (`v2.7` recommended, `v3.x.x` is __*not*__ supported) (already installed on Mac OS X)
* [Xcode](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/download/)
* You also need to install the `Command Line Tools` via Xcode. You can find this under the menu `Xcode -> Preferences -> Downloads`
* This step will install `gcc` and the related toolchain containing `make`
* On Windows:
* Option 1: Install all the required tools and configurations using Microsoft's [windows-build-tools](https://github.com/felixrieseberg/windows-build-tools) using `npm install --global --production windows-build-tools` from an elevated PowerShell or CMD.exe (run as Administrator).
* Option 2: Install tools and configuration manually:
* Visual C++ Build Environment:
* Option 1: Install [Visual C++ Build Tools](http://landinghub.visualstudio.com/visual-cpp-build-tools) using the **Default Install** option.
* Option 2: Install [Visual Studio 2015](https://www.visualstudio.com/products/visual-studio-community-vs) (or modify an existing installation) and select *Common Tools for Visual C++* during setup. This also works with the free Community and Express for Desktop editions.
> :bulb: [Windows Vista / 7 only] requires [.NET Framework 4.5.1](http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=40773)
* Install [Python 2.7](https://www.python.org/downloads/) (`v3.x.x` is not supported), and run `npm config set python python2.7` (or see below for further instructions on specifying the proper Python version and path.)
* Launch cmd, `npm config set msvs_version 2015`
If the above steps didn't work for you, please visit [Microsoft's Node.js Guidelines for Windows](https://github.com/Microsoft/nodejs-guidelines/blob/master/windows-environment.md#compiling-native-addon-modules) for additional tips.
If you have multiple Python versions installed, you can identify which Python
version `node-gyp` uses by setting the '--python' variable:
``` bash
$ node-gyp --python /path/to/python2.7
```
If `node-gyp` is called by way of `npm` *and* you have multiple versions of
Python installed, then you can set `npm`'s 'python' config key to the appropriate
value:
``` bash
$ npm config set python /path/to/executable/python2.7
```
Note that OS X is just a flavour of Unix and so needs `python`, `make`, and C/C++.
An easy way to obtain these is to install XCode from Apple,
and then use it to install the command line tools (under Preferences -> Downloads).
How to Use
----------
To compile your native addon, first go to its root directory:
``` bash
$ cd my_node_addon
```
The next step is to generate the appropriate project build files for the current
platform. Use `configure` for that:
``` bash
$ node-gyp configure
```
Auto-detection fails for Visual C++ Build Tools 2015, so `--msvs_version=2015`
needs to be added (not needed when run by npm as configured above):
``` bash
$ node-gyp configure --msvs_version=2015
```
__Note__: The `configure` step looks for the `binding.gyp` file in the current
directory to process. See below for instructions on creating the `binding.gyp` file.
Now you will have either a `Makefile` (on Unix platforms) or a `vcxproj` file
(on Windows) in the `build/` directory. Next invoke the `build` command:
``` bash
$ node-gyp build
```
Now you have your compiled `.node` bindings file! The compiled bindings end up
in `build/Debug/` or `build/Release/`, depending on the build mode. At this point
you can require the `.node` file with Node and run your tests!
__Note:__ To create a _Debug_ build of the bindings file, pass the `--debug` (or
`-d`) switch when running either the `configure`, `build` or `rebuild` command.
The "binding.gyp" file
----------------------
Previously when node had `node-waf` you had to write a `wscript` file. The
replacement for that is the `binding.gyp` file, which describes the configuration
to build your module in a JSON-like format. This file gets placed in the root of
your package, alongside the `package.json` file.
A barebones `gyp` file appropriate for building a node addon looks like:
``` python
{
"targets": [
{
"target_name": "binding",
"sources": [ "src/binding.cc" ]
}
]
}
```
Some additional resources for addons and writing `gyp` files:
* ["Going Native" a nodeschool.io tutorial](http://nodeschool.io/#goingnative)
* ["Hello World" node addon example](https://github.com/nodejs/node/tree/master/test/addons/hello-world)
* [gyp user documentation](https://gyp.gsrc.io/docs/UserDocumentation.md)
* [gyp input format reference](https://gyp.gsrc.io/docs/InputFormatReference.md)
* [*"binding.gyp" files out in the wild* wiki page](https://github.com/nodejs/node-gyp/wiki/%22binding.gyp%22-files-out-in-the-wild)
Commands
--------
`node-gyp` responds to the following commands:
| **Command** | **Description**
|:--------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------
| `help` | Shows the help dialog
| `build` | Invokes `make`/`msbuild.exe` and builds the native addon
| `clean` | Removes the `build` directory if it exists
| `configure` | Generates project build files for the current platform
| `rebuild` | Runs `clean`, `configure` and `build` all in a row
| `install` | Installs node header files for the given version
| `list` | Lists the currently installed node header versions
| `remove` | Removes the node header files for the given version
Command Options
--------
`node-gyp` accepts the following command options:
| **Command** | **Description**
|:----------------------------------|:------------------------------------------
| `-j n`, `--jobs n` | Run make in parallel
| `--target=v6.2.1` | Node version to build for (default=process.version)
| `--silly`, `--loglevel=silly` | Log all progress to console
| `--verbose`, `--loglevel=verbose` | Log most progress to console
| `--silent`, `--loglevel=silent` | Don't log anything to console
| `debug`, `--debug` | Make Debug build (default=Release)
| `--release`, `--no-debug` | Make Release build
| `-C $dir`, `--directory=$dir` | Run command in different directory
| `--make=$make` | Override make command (e.g. gmake)
| `--thin=yes` | Enable thin static libraries
| `--arch=$arch` | Set target architecture (e.g. ia32)
| `--tarball=$path` | Get headers from a local tarball
| `--devdir=$path` | SDK download directory (default=~/.node-gyp)
| `--ensure` | Don't reinstall headers if already present
| `--dist-url=$url` | Download header tarball from custom URL
| `--proxy=$url` | Set HTTP proxy for downloading header tarball
| `--cafile=$cafile` | Override default CA chain (to download tarball)
| `--nodedir=$path` | Set the path to the node binary
| `--python=$path` | Set path to the python (2) binary
| `--msvs_version=$version` | Set Visual Studio version (win)
| `--solution=$solution` | Set Visual Studio Solution version (win)
Configuration
--------
__`node-gyp` responds to environment variables or `npm` configuration__
1. Environment variables take the form `npm_config_OPTION_NAME` for any of the
options listed above (dashes in option names should be replaced by underscores).
These work also when `node-gyp` is invoked directly:
`$ export npm_config_devdir=/tmp/.gyp`
or on Windows
`> set npm_config_devdir=c:\temp\.gyp`
2. As `npm` configuration, variables take the form `OPTION_NAME`.
This way only works when `node-gyp` is executed by `npm`:
`$ npm config set [--global] devdir /tmp/.gyp`
`$ npm i buffertools`
License
-------
(The MIT License)
Copyright (c) 2012 Nathan Rajlich <nathan@tootallnate.net>
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
[python-v2.7.10]: https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-2710/
[msvc2013]: https://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/download/details.aspx?id=44914
[win7sdk]: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=8279
[compiler update for the Windows SDK 7.1]: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=4422
|
