doc: git mv to .md

* doc: rename .markdown references in content
* doc: rename to .md in tools
* doc: rename to .md in CONTRIBUTING.md

PR-URL: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/4747
Reviewed-By: Myles Borins <myles.borins@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: techjeffharris
Reviewed-By: Johan Bergström <bugs@bergstroem.nu>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <jasnell@gmail.com>
Reviewed-By: Anna Henningsen <anna@addaleax.net>

1 files changed, 202 insertions, 0 deletions

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+# OS
+
+    Stability: 2 - Stable
+
+Provides a few basic operating-system related utility functions.
+
+Use `require('os')` to access this module.
+
+## os.EOL
+
+A constant defining the appropriate End-of-line marker for the operating
+system.
+
+## os.arch()
+
+Returns the operating system CPU architecture. Possible values are `'x64'`,
+`'arm'` and `'ia32'`. Returns the value of [`process.arch`][].
+
+## os.cpus()
+
+Returns an array of objects containing information about each CPU/core
+installed: model, speed (in MHz), and times (an object containing the number of
+milliseconds the CPU/core spent in: user, nice, sys, idle, and irq).
+
+Example inspection of os.cpus:
+
+```js
+[ { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU         860  @ 2.80GHz',
+    speed: 2926,
+    times:
+     { user: 252020,
+       nice: 0,
+       sys: 30340,
+       idle: 1070356870,
+       irq: 0 } },
+  { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU         860  @ 2.80GHz',
+    speed: 2926,
+    times:
+     { user: 306960,
+       nice: 0,
+       sys: 26980,
+       idle: 1071569080,
+       irq: 0 } },
+  { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU         860  @ 2.80GHz',
+    speed: 2926,
+    times:
+     { user: 248450,
+       nice: 0,
+       sys: 21750,
+       idle: 1070919370,
+       irq: 0 } },
+  { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU         860  @ 2.80GHz',
+    speed: 2926,
+    times:
+     { user: 256880,
+       nice: 0,
+       sys: 19430,
+       idle: 1070905480,
+       irq: 20 } },
+  { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU         860  @ 2.80GHz',
+    speed: 2926,
+    times:
+     { user: 511580,
+       nice: 20,
+       sys: 40900,
+       idle: 1070842510,
+       irq: 0 } },
+  { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU         860  @ 2.80GHz',
+    speed: 2926,
+    times:
+     { user: 291660,
+       nice: 0,
+       sys: 34360,
+       idle: 1070888000,
+       irq: 10 } },
+  { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU         860  @ 2.80GHz',
+    speed: 2926,
+    times:
+     { user: 308260,
+       nice: 0,
+       sys: 55410,
+       idle: 1071129970,
+       irq: 880 } },
+  { model: 'Intel(R) Core(TM) i7 CPU         860  @ 2.80GHz',
+    speed: 2926,
+    times:
+     { user: 266450,
+       nice: 1480,
+       sys: 34920,
+       idle: 1072572010,
+       irq: 30 } } ]
+```
+
+Note that since `nice` values are UNIX centric in Windows the `nice` values of
+all processors are always 0.
+
+## os.endianness()
+
+Returns the endianness of the CPU. Possible values are `'BE'` for big endian
+or `'LE'` for little endian.
+
+## os.freemem()
+
+Returns the amount of free system memory in bytes.
+
+## os.homedir()
+
+Returns the home directory of the current user.
+
+## os.hostname()
+
+Returns the hostname of the operating system.
+
+## os.loadavg()
+
+Returns an array containing the 1, 5, and 15 minute load averages.
+
+The load average is a measure of system activity, calculated by the operating
+system and expressed as a fractional number.  As a rule of thumb, the load
+average should ideally be less than the number of logical CPUs in the system.
+
+The load average is a very UNIX-y concept; there is no real equivalent on
+Windows platforms.  That is why this function always returns `[0, 0, 0]` on
+Windows.
+
+## os.networkInterfaces()
+
+Get a list of network interfaces:
+
+```js
+{ lo:
+   [ { address: '127.0.0.1',
+       netmask: '255.0.0.0',
+       family: 'IPv4',
+       mac: '00:00:00:00:00:00',
+       internal: true },
+     { address: '::1',
+       netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff',
+       family: 'IPv6',
+       mac: '00:00:00:00:00:00',
+       internal: true } ],
+  eth0:
+   [ { address: '192.168.1.108',
+       netmask: '255.255.255.0',
+       family: 'IPv4',
+       mac: '01:02:03:0a:0b:0c',
+       internal: false },
+     { address: 'fe80::a00:27ff:fe4e:66a1',
+       netmask: 'ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::',
+       family: 'IPv6',
+       mac: '01:02:03:0a:0b:0c',
+       internal: false } ] }
+```
+
+Note that due to the underlying implementation this will only return network
+interfaces that have been assigned an address.
+
+## os.platform()
+
+Returns the operating system platform. Possible values are `'darwin'`,
+`'freebsd'`, `'linux'`, `'sunos'` or `'win32'`. Returns the value of
+[`process.platform`][].
+
+## os.release()
+
+Returns the operating system release.
+
+## os.tmpdir()
+
+Returns the operating system's default directory for temporary files.
+
+## os.totalmem()
+
+Returns the total amount of system memory in bytes.
+
+## os.type()
+
+Returns the operating system name. For example `'Linux'` on Linux, `'Darwin'`
+on OS X and `'Windows_NT'` on Windows.
+
+## os.uptime()
+
+Returns the system uptime in seconds.
+
+## os.userInfo([options])
+
+* `options` {Object}
+  * `encoding` {String} Character encoding used to interpret resulting strings.
+    If `encoding` is set to `'buffer'`, the `username`, `shell`, and `homedir`
+    values will be `Buffer` instances. (Default: 'utf8')
+
+Returns a subset of the password file entry for the current effective user. The
+returned object includes the `username`, `uid`, `gid`, `shell`, and `homedir`.
+On Windows, the `uid` and `gid` fields are `-1`, and `shell` is `null`.
+
+The value of `homedir` returned by `userInfo()` comes directly from the
+operating system. This differs from the result of `os.homedir()`, which queries
+several environment variables for the home directory before falling back to the
+operating system response.
+
+[`process.arch`]: process.html#process_process_arch
+[`process.platform`]: process.html#process_process_platform