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<title>错误的语录 - GNU工程 - 自由软件基金会</title>

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<h2>错误的语录</h2>

<p>网络上流传着一个语录,说是我的贡献,但是我不曾写过。</p>

<p>下面就是这段话。其中大部分来自我做过的陈述,但是其斜体部分不是我的。其观点是错误的或者说是令人迷惑的。</p>

<blockquote>
<p>我只想打断一下。你所说的Linux,实际上是GNU/Linux,或者按我最近所说的,是GNU加Linux。Linux<em>本身</em>并不是一个操作系统,而是<em>完全正常工作的GNU系统所需的另一个自由的部件,整个GNU系统是由GNU
corelibs、shell工具组和主要系统部件组成的、符合POSIX定义的完整操作系统。</em>许多计算机用户每天都在运行着某个修改版的GNU系统,而他们并没有意识到这些。经过某个特别的变故,现在被广泛使用的GNU修改版通常被叫做&ldquo;Linux&rdquo;,但许多用户并不知道这原本就是GNU系统,是由GNU工程开发的。确实有一个Linux,人们也在使用,但是它只是整个系统的一部分。</p>

<p>Linux是内核:系统中为你运行的其他程序分配计算机资源的程序。内核是操作系统的重要部分,但其本身并没有什么用;它只能在整个操作系统的环境下工作。Linux通常和GNU操作系统联合起来使用:整个系统就是GNU加上Linux,或者叫GNU/Linux。所有被称为&ldquo;Linux&rdquo;的发行版其实都是GNU/Linux。</p>
</blockquote>

<p>这里,主要的错误是:严格来说,Linux<em>并非</em>GNU系统的一部分&mdash;GNU的内核是GNU
Hurd。带有Linux的版本,我们称之为&ldquo;GNU/Linux&rdquo;。如果你真的想简短的话,叫它&ldquo;GNU&rdquo;也没关系,但是最好称之为&ldquo;GNU/Linux&rdquo;,这样就能给Torvalds一些荣誉。</p>

<p>我们不使用&ldquo;corelibs&rdquo;这个名词,我也不确定它是什么意思,但是GNU远远超过我们为之开发的软件包。我在1983年着手开发一个操作系统,称之为GNU,它要求开发所有我们没法找来用的软件包。</p>

<p>请参看<a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">Linux与GNU</a>和<a
href="/gnu/gnu-linux-faq.html">GNU/Linux问答</a>,加上<a
href="/gnu/thegnuproject.html">GNU工程</a>的历史介绍。</p>

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