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| author | Marcello Stanisci <marcello.stanisci@inria.fr> | 2016-02-23 17:12:18 +0100 |
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| committer | Marcello Stanisci <marcello.stanisci@inria.fr> | 2016-02-23 17:12:18 +0100 |
| commit | af03e45182f4f450621ce98a6bd23bfaf2671c59 (patch) | |
| tree | 73f657e45b51dc3dfca4de0dbef08ab9d23f21e9 /src/frontend_blog/articles/scrap1_3.html | |
| parent | f8c673dd6ae62fe61ea0c6522c882b1ceb7b6e61 (diff) | |
| download | merchant-af03e45182f4f450621ce98a6bd23bfaf2671c59.tar.gz merchant-af03e45182f4f450621ce98a6bd23bfaf2671c59.tar.bz2 merchant-af03e45182f4f450621ce98a6bd23bfaf2671c59.zip | |
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diff --git a/src/frontend_blog/articles/scrap1_3.html b/src/frontend_blog/articles/scrap1_3.html deleted file mode 100644 index 6554c9ae..00000000 --- a/src/frontend_blog/articles/scrap1_3.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,221 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/loose.dtd"> -<html> -<!-- This is the second edition of Free Software, Free Society: Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman. - -Free Software Foundation - -51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor - -Boston, MA 02110-1335 -Copyright C 2002, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. -Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire book are permitted -worldwide, without royalty, in any medium, provided this notice is -preserved. Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations -of this book from the original English into another language provided -the translation has been approved by the Free Software Foundation and -the copyright notice and this permission notice are preserved on all -copies. - -ISBN 978-0-9831592-0-9 -Cover design by Rob Myers. - -Cover photograph by Peter Hinely. - --> -<!-- Created on February 18, 2016 by texi2html 1.82 -texi2html was written by: - Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author) - Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> - Olaf Bachmann <obachman@mathematik.uni-kl.de> - and many others. -Maintained by: Many creative people. -Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html-bug@nongnu.org> ---> -<head> -<title>Free Software, Free Society, 2nd ed.: 3. The Initial Announcement of the GNU Operating System</title> - -<meta name="description" content="This is the second edition of Richard Stallman's collection of essays."> -<meta name="keywords" content="Free Software, Free Society, 2nd ed.: 3. The Initial Announcement of the GNU Operating System"> -<meta name="resource-type" content="document"> -<meta name="distribution" content="global"> -<meta name="Generator" content="texi2html 1.82"> -<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> -<style type="text/css"> -<!-- -a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none} -blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller} -pre.display {font-family: serif} -pre.format {font-family: serif} -pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif} -pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif} -pre.smalldisplay {font-family: serif; font-size: smaller} -pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller} -pre.smallformat {font-family: serif; font-size: smaller} -pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller} -span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal;} -span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal;} -ul.toc {list-style: none} ---> -</style> -<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style.css"> - - -</head> - -<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000"> - -<a name="Initial-Announcement"></a> -<header><div id="logo"><img src="../gnu.svg" height="100" width="100"></div><h1>Free Software, Free Society, 2nd ed.</h1></header><section id="main"><a name="The-Initial-Announcement-of-the-GNU-Operating-System"></a> -<h1 class="chapter"> 3. The Initial Announcement of the GNU Operating System </h1> - -<p>This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by -Richard Stallman on 27 September 1983. -</p> -<p>The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from -this initial plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until -January 1984. Several of the philosophical concepts of free software -were not clarified until a few years later. -</p> -<a name="index-GNU_002c-initial-announcement"></a> -<a name="index-MIT-1"></a> -<a name="index-Unix-compatibility_002c-announcement-of"></a> -<a name="index-RMS_002c-Richard-Stallman_002c-often-referred-to-as-_0028see-also-Stallman_0029"></a> -<a name="index-GNU_002c-operating-system-parts-3"></a> -<a name="index-Empire-game"></a> -<a name="index-games_002c-Empire"></a> -<a name="index-C-programs"></a> -<a name="index-C-compiler"></a> -<a name="index-yacc"></a> -<p> -<tt> -From mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ<br> -From: <code>RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie</code><br> -Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft<br> -Subject: new Unix implementation<br> -Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST<br> -Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA -</p> -<p>Free Unix! -</p> -<p>Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete -Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu’s Not Unix), and -give it away free<a name="DOCF11" href="#FOOT11">(11)</a> to everyone who can use it. Contributions of -time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed. -</p> -<p>To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to -write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, -assembler, and a few other things. After this we will add a text -formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of -other things. We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that -normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including -on-line and hardcopy documentation. -</p> - -<a name="index-Chaosnet-_0028see-also-MIT_0029"></a> -<a name="index-MIT_002c-Chaosnet"></a> -<a name="index-UUCP"></a> -<a name="index-Lisp_002c-programs"></a> -<a name="index-Lisp_002c-Lisp_002dbased-window-system"></a> -<a name="index-MIT_002c-Chaosnet-1"></a> -<p>GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to -Unix. We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our -experience with other operating systems. In particular, we plan to -have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof file system, -filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent display support, and -eventually a Lisp-based window system through which several Lisp -programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a screen. Both C and -Lisp will be available as system programming languages. We will have -network software based on MIT’s chaosnet protocol, far superior to -UUCP. We may also have something compatible with UUCP. -</p> -<p>Who Am I? -</p> -<a name="index-Stallman_002c-Richard-1"></a> -<a name="index-Emacs_002c-GNU-3"></a> -<a name="index-GNU_002c-GNU-Emacs-3"></a> -<a name="index-MIT_002c-AI-_0028Artificial-Intelligence_0029-Lab-2"></a> -<a name="index-ITS-_0028Incompatible-Timesharing-System_0029-3"></a> -<a name="index-Lisp_002c-Lisp-Machine-operating-system"></a> -<p>I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS -editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT. I have worked -extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, -the Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating -system. I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS. In -addition I have implemented one crashproof file system and two window -systems for Lisp machines. -</p> -<p>Why I Must Write GNU -</p> -<a name="index-Golden-Rule"></a> -<a name="index-citizen-values_002c-Golden-Rule"></a> -<a name="index-nondisclosure-agreements-3"></a> -<p>I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I -must share it with other people who like it. I cannot in good -conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license -agreement. -</p> -<p>So that I can continue to use computers without violating my -principles, I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free -software so that I will be able to get along without any software that -is not free. -</p> -<p>How You Can Contribute -</p> -<a name="index-development_002c-contributions-and-donations-1"></a> -<a name="index-call-to-action_002c-initial-announcement"></a> -<p>I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and -money. I’m asking individuals for donations of programs and work. -</p> -<p>One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a -machine. But we could use more. One consequence you can expect if you -donate machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date. The -machine had better be able to operate in a residential area, and not -require sophisticated cooling or power. -</p> -<a name="index-Unix-compatibility_002c-ease-of-contribution-because-of"></a> -<p>Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible -duplicate of some Unix utility and giving it to me. For most projects, -such part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the -independently-written parts would not work together. But for the -particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent. Most -interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility. If each -contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work with -the rest of GNU. -</p> -<p>If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full -or part time. The salary won’t be high, but I’m looking for people for -whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money. I -view this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full -energies to working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living -in another way. -</p> - -<p>For more information, contact me.<br> -Arpanet mail:<br> - RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA -</p> -<p>Usenet:<br> - ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ - ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ -<a name="index-MIT-2"></a> -</p> -<p>US Snail:<br> - Richard Stallman<br> - 166 Prospect St<br> - Cambridge, MA 02139 -<a name="index-GNU_002c-initial-announcement-1"></a> -<a name="index-MIT-3"></a> -</p> -</tt> -<div class="footnote"> -<hr> -<h3>Footnotes</h3> -<h3><a name="FOOT11" href="#DOCF11">(11)</a></h3> -<p>The wording here was careless. The -intention was that nobody would have to pay for <em>permission</em> to -use the GNU system. But the words don’t make this clear, and people -often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be -distributed at little or no charge. That was never the intent. -</p></div> -<hr size="2"> -</body> -</html> |