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faq.html.j2 (14305B)


      1 {% extends "common/base.j2" %}
      2 {% block subtitle %}{{ _("Frequently Asked Questions")}}{% endblock subtitle %}
      3 {% block body_content %}
      4 <main id="maincontent">
      5   <div class="container">
      6     <div class="row">
      7       <div class="col">
      8         <h1>{{ _("GNU Taler: Frequently Asked Questions") }}</h1>
      9       </div>
     10     </div>
     11     <h2>{{ _("How is Taler related to Bitcoin or Blockchains?") }}</h2>
     12 
     13     <p>
     14       {% trans %}
     15         Taler does not require any Blockchain technology, and is
     16         also not based on proof-of-work or any other distributed consensus
     17         mechanism.  Instead, Taler is based on blind signatures.
     18         However, it is theoretically possible to combine Taler with
     19         peer-to-peer crypto-currencies like Bitcoin.
     20       {% endtrans %}
     21     </p>
     22 
     23     <p>
     24       {% trans %}
     25         It would be possible, however, to withdraw coins denominated in
     26         Bitcoin into a Taler wallet (with an appropriate exchange), which
     27         would give some benefits over plain Bitcoin, such as instant
     28         confirmation times.
     29       {% endtrans %}
     30     </p>
     31 
     32     <h2>{{ _("Where is the balance in my wallet stored?") }}</h2>
     33     <p>
     34       {% trans %}
     35         Your wallet stores digital cash and thus ultimately your computer holds your balance.
     36         The Taler Exchange keeps funds matching all unspent digital cash in a settlement account.
     37       {% endtrans %}
     38     </p>
     39 
     40     <h2>{{ _("What if my wallet is lost?") }}</h2>
     41     <p>
     42       {% trans %}
     43         Since Taler's digital cash in your wallet is anonymized, the
     44         exchange cannot assist you in recovering a lost or stolen wallet.
     45         Just like with a physical wallet for cash, you are responsible for
     46         keeping it safe.
     47       {% endtrans %}
     48     </p>
     49 
     50     <p>
     51       {% trans %}
     52         The risk of losing a wallet can be mitigated by making backups or
     53         keeping the balance reasonably low.
     54       {% endtrans %}
     55     </p>
     56 
     57     <h2>{{ _("What if my computer is hacked?") }}</h2>
     58     <p>
     59       {% trans %}
     60         In case of a compromise of one of your devices, an attacker can spend digital cash from your wallet.
     61         Checking your balance might reveal to you whether your device has eventually been compromised.
     62         If a coin has been spent, this coin cannot be spent a second time.
     63         The Exchange examines every coin whether it has been spent and thus makes double spending impossible.
     64       {% endtrans %}
     65     </p>
     66 
     67     <h2>{{ _("How do I install a Taler wallet on my browser?") }}</h2>
     68     <p>
     69       {% trans %}Please visit the <a href="https://wallet.taler.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
     70       Taler wallet install page</a> for browser extensions and select the wallet matching with your browser type.
     71       {% endtrans %}
     72     </p>
     73 
     74     <h2>{{ _("How do I install a Taler wallet on my phone?") }}</h2>
     75     <p>
     76       {% trans %}Please visit an app store matching with your smartphone and select the Taler app.
     77       You will find links on <a href="https://wallet.taler.net/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
     78       the wallet install page</a> guiding you to the respective app stores.
     79       {% endtrans %}
     80     </p>
     81 
     82     <h2>{{ _("Can I send money to my friends with Taler?") }}</h2>
     83     <p>
     84       {% trans %}
     85         Taler supports push and pull payments between wallets (also known as peer-to-peer payments).
     86         While the payment appears to be directly between wallets, technically the operation
     87         is intermediated by the payment service provider which will typically be legally required
     88         to identify the recipient of the funds before allowing the transaction to complete.
     89       {% endtrans %}
     90     </p>
     91 
     92     <h2>{{ _("How does Taler handle payments in different currencies?") }}</h2>
     93     <p>
     94       {% trans %}
     95         Taler wallets can store digital coins corresponding to multiple
     96         different currencies such as the Euro, US Dollars or Bitcoins.
     97       {% endtrans %}
     98     </p>
     99     <p>
    100       {% trans %}
    101         Taler currently does not offer conversion between currencies.
    102       {% endtrans %}
    103     </p>
    104 
    105     <h2>{{ _("How does Taler protect my privacy?") }}</h2>
    106     <p>
    107       {% trans %}
    108         Your wallet stores digital coins that are
    109         <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blind_signature">blindly signed</a>
    110         by an exchange.  The use of a blind signature protects your
    111         privacy as it prevents the exchange from knowing which coin it signed
    112         for which customer.
    113       {% endtrans %}
    114     </p>
    115 
    116 
    117     <h2>{{ _("How much does it cost?") }}</h2>
    118     <p>
    119       {% trans %}
    120         The Taler protocol allows any exchange to set its own fee
    121         structure, allowing operators to set fees for withdrawing, depositing,
    122         refreshing or refunding coins.  Operators can also charge fees for
    123         closing reserves and for (aggregated) wire transfers to merchants.
    124         Merchants may choose to cover some of the fees customers incur.
    125         Actual transaction costs are estimated around 0.001 cent/transaction
    126         (at high transaction rates, amortized over billions of transactions,
    127         excluding migration costs). Note that this is an early estimate,
    128         details may depend on hosting and backup requirements from the
    129         regulator and could thus easily be 10x higher.
    130       {% endtrans %}
    131     </p>
    132 
    133     <h2>{{ _("Does Taler work with international payments?") }}</h2>
    134     <p>
    135       {% trans %}
    136         Taler&#39;s wallet supports multiple currencies, but the system
    137         currently does not support conversion between currencies.  However,
    138         in principle an entity that accepts deposits in one currency and
    139         allows withdrawals in another currency could be created. Still, the
    140         regulatory hurdles in this case tend to be particularly complex.
    141         The focus for Taler is on day-to-day payments, so we have no plans
    142         to support currency conversion in the near future.
    143       {% endtrans %}
    144     </p>
    145 
    146     <h2>{{ _("How does Taler relate to the (European) Electronic Money Directive?") }}</h2>
    147     <p>
    148       {% trans %}
    149         We believe the European Electronic Money Directive provides part
    150         of the regulatory framework a Taler exchange with coins denominated
    151         in Euros would have to follow.
    152       {% endtrans %}
    153     </p>
    154 
    155     <h2>{{ _("What bank would guarantee the conversion between Taler coins and bank money in regular bank accounts?") }}</h2>
    156     <p>
    157       {% trans %}
    158         The exchange would be operated by a bank or in cooperation with a bank, and that bank
    159         would hold the funds in escrow respectively on an internal settlement account.
    160         Note that this bank could be a regular bank or a central bank for a central bank digital currency.
    161         Irrespective of this, the bank would fall under the relevant financial services regulations,
    162         which is one reason why consumers can rely on the conversion of Taler coins into normal bank money.
    163       {% endtrans %}
    164     </p>
    165 
    166     <h2>{{ _("To whom would consumers complain to in case of non-conversion or non-compliance?") }}</h2>
    167     <p>
    168       {% trans %}
    169         From a technical point of view, any exchange is audited by one or more independent auditors.
    170         Merchants and consumer wallets will report certain issues automatically to the auditors,
    171         but auditors may also provide a method for manual submission of issues.
    172         The auditors are expected to make their reports available to the respective regulatory authorities, or even the general public.
    173     </p>
    174     <p>
    175         From a legal point of view, users can always turn to their national authority responsible for
    176         settling disputes concerning the management of exchange services.
    177         For exchange services conducting business in Germany, this would be the general authority
    178         in charge of disputes (<a href="https://www.verbraucher-schlichter.de">Universalschlichtungsstelle des Bundes</a>).
    179         In addition to this, the European Online Dispute Resolution (see <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/odr">ODR</a>)
    180         as a platform provided by the European Commission can be called for the settlement of disputes
    181         concerning exchange services headquartered in member states of the European Union.
    182       {% endtrans %}
    183     </p>
    184 
    185     <h2>{{ _("Are there any projects already using Taler?") }}</h2>
    186     <p>
    187       {% trans %}
    188         We are aware of several businesses running exploratory projects or having
    189         developed working prototypes. We are also
    190         in discussions with several regular banks as well as several central banks
    191         about the project. That said, there are currently no products in the
    192         market yet, and we believe this would be premature given the state of
    193         the project (see also <a href="https://bugs.gnunet.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">our bugtracker</a>
    194         for a list of open issues).
    195       {% endtrans %}
    196     </p>
    197 
    198     <h2>{{ _("Does Taler support recurring payments?") }}</h2>
    199     <p>
    200       {% trans %}
    201         Today, our wallet implementation does not support recurring
    202         payments. Recurring payments, where some fixed amount is paid on a
    203         regular basis are in theory possible with Taler, but they come with a
    204         few caveats. Specifically, recurring payments can only work if the
    205         Taler wallet is running and online around the desired time.
    206         Furthermore, given their repetitive nature they are linkable, and
    207         could thus be used to deanonymize the user making the recurring
    208         payment, for example by forcing the user offline at the time of the
    209         payment and observing that it does then not happen on time.  Finally,
    210         the Taler wallet does not work with credit and thus the user would
    211         have to make sure to carry a sufficient balance for the recurring
    212         payment to be made. Still, they can be useful, and a future version of
    213         the Taler wallet will likely support them. But this is not a feature
    214         that we are targeting for Taler 1.0. at this time.
    215       {% endtrans %}
    216     </p>
    217 
    218     <h2>{{ _("How do wire fees work?") }}</h2>
    219     <p>
    220        {% trans %}
    221         A <b>wire fee</b> is charged by Taler operators
    222         on outgoing wire transfers when Taler is used to wire
    223         funds into a bank account. Merchants are encouraged to allow Taler to
    224         delay and then aggregate many small payments into a single collective
    225         wire transfer to minimize wire transfer fees. For example, by
    226         configuring a <b>wire deadline</b> of one week, all payments within a
    227         week could be aggregated into a single wire transfer, and thus the wire
    228         transfer fee would only be charged once per week. The fee is simply
    229         subtracted from the total amount wired.
    230         {% endtrans %}
    231     </p>
    232 
    233     <h2>{{ _("How do deposit fees work?") }}</h2>
    234     <p>
    235       {% trans %}
    236       Withdrawing 5&nbsp;CHF creates electronic coins with
    237       denominations of 0.04&nbsp;CHF, 0.16&nbsp;CHF, 0.32&nbsp;CHF,
    238       0.64&nbsp;CHF, 1.28&nbsp;CHF, and 2.56&nbsp;CHF. Paying 3.23&nbsp;CHF
    239       might then use the 0.04&nbsp;CHF, 0.64&nbsp;CHF and 2.56&nbsp;CHF coins,
    240       resulting in a total of 3.24&nbsp;CHF with 0.01&nbsp;CHF returned as
    241       change.
    242       {% endtrans %}
    243     </p>
    244     <p class="flex-1">
    245       {% trans %}
    246       <b>Deposit fees</b> charged by Taler payment providers depend on the
    247       electronic coins used in the transaction.  For example,
    248       the deposit fee could be higher for a $1.28&nbsp;CHF coin than for a  a $0.01&nbsp;CHF coin. Your wallet will
    249       automatically try to select coins that minimize the
    250       fees you have to pay.
    251       Merchants can offer to pay
    252       deposit fees up to a specified limit; customers have to pay deposit
    253       fees that exceed what the merchant is willing to cover. Taler wallets
    254       inform customers about applicable deposit fees they have to pay before
    255       every transaction.
    256       {% endtrans %}
    257     </p>
    258 
    259     <h2>{{ _("How do bounce fees work?") }}</h2>
    260     <p>
    261       {% trans %}
    262       A <b>bounce fee</b> is charged by
    263       Taler operators to wire transfers that return funds to customers when
    264       either the Taler wallet did not withdraw the amount after
    265       <b>4 weeks</b>, or immediately if a wire transfer subject was used that
    266       is missing the required code to associate a wallet with the wire
    267       transfer. The fee is deducted from the amount transferred back to the
    268       original account.
    269       {% endtrans %}
    270     </p>
    271     <p>
    272       {% trans %}
    273       To avoid paying bounce fees payers should be careful when
    274       entering the wire transfer subject, and ensure that their wallet is
    275       online within a month of initiating the withdrawal.
    276       {% endtrans %}
    277     </p>
    278 
    279     <h2>{{ _("How to avoid digital cash expiration?") }}</h2>
    280     <p>
    281       {% trans %}
    282       Taler e-money is issued with a validity period.
    283       One month before the expiration
    284       date, your wallet should automatically exchange any digital cash that is about
    285       to expire for new digital cash with an extended validity period. However, if
    286       your wallet is offline for an extended period of time, it may be unable
    287       to do so. Ensure your wallet is regularly online to avoid losing money
    288       due to expiration!
    289       {% endtrans %}
    290     </p>
    291 
    292     <h2>{{ _("To whom would consumers complain to in case of non-conversion or non-compliance?") }}</h2>
    293     <p>
    294       {% trans %}
    295       In case that customers or merchants have reason to complain about the Taler payment system,
    296       Taler Operations AG will be their first point of contact. We are always grateful for your suggestions
    297       for improvement and for error messages. The best way to file these is done via our
    298       <a href="https://bugs.gnunet.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">bug tracker</a>.
    299       The ticket system makes it possible to submit reports anonymously.
    300       </p>
    301       <p>
    302       Taler Operations AG is a member at VQF, a Swiss association for the quality assurance of financial services
    303       (Verein zur Qualitätssicherung von Finanzdienstleistungen, General-Guisan-Str. 6, 6300 Zug,
    304       phone +41 41 763 28 20) where users could also turn to in case of complaints.
    305       {% endtrans %}
    306     </p>
    307   </div>
    308 {% endblock body_content %}