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KYC4free.tex (12092B)

      1 \documentclass[aspectratio=169,t]{beamer}
      2 \input taler-macros
      3 \usepackage{msc}
      4 
      5 
      6 \newcommand{\TITLE}{KYC for free\\ with EID}
      7 \newcommand{\SUB}{Unlocking Efficiency with the Swiss EID}
      8 \newcommand{\AUTHOR}{Benjamin Fehrensen}
      9 \newcommand{\SPEAKER}{Benjamin Fehrensen}
     10 \newcommand{\INST}{Bern University of Applied Sciences}
     11 \newcommand{\DATE}{December 1\textsuperscript{st} 2025}
     12 
     13 % Do not edit this part
     14 \title{\TITLE}
     15 \subtitle{\SUB}
     16 \date{\DATE}
     17 \author[\SPEAKER]{\AUTHOR}
     18 \institute{\INST}
     19 
     20 \begin{document}
     21 
     22 \begin{frame}[plain]
     23 \maketitle
     24 \end{frame}
     25 
     26 
     27 \begin{frame}{Swiss E-ID }
     28 {The Digital Passport for the Virtual Space}
     29 The \textbf{Swiss E-ID} enables strong, state-backed digital identification — directly on citizens’ mobile devices.
     30 
     31 
     32 \begin{columns}
     33 \begin{column}{0.68\textwidth}
     34 \begin{itemize}
     35   \item \emph{The e-ID is an official means of identification issued by the state. It is a free and optional complementary offer to the physical identity card.}\footnote{\url{https://www.eid.admin.ch}}
     36   \item \textbf{Comparable to the EU Digital Identity Wallet (EUDI Wallet)} under the eIDAS regulation.\footnote{\url{https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/eudi-regulation}}
     37 \end{itemize}
     38 \end{column}
     39 \begin{column}{0.3\textwidth}
     40     \begin{center}
     41       \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{images/swiss_eid}
     42     \end{center}
     43 \end{column}
     44 \end{columns}
     45 \end{frame}
     46 
     47 
     48 \begin{frame}{Direct Referendum }
     49 {A Tight Call on the Swiss E-ID Act}
     50 Referendum on the \textbf{Federal Act on Electronic Identity and Other Electronic Certificates (E-ID Act, BGEID)} held on \textbf{September 28\textsuperscript{th}, 2025}.
     51 
     52 \begin{itemize}
     53   \item \textbf{Result:} Yes — 1'384'549 (50.39\%) \quad | \quad No — 1'363'283 (49.61\%)
     54   \item Margin of only \textbf{21'266 votes}.
     55   \item Demonstrates that \textbf{digital identification is a deeply controversial and sensitive topic.}
     56   \item Public debate highlighted major concerns:
     57   \begin{itemize}
     58     \item Digital identity must remain under the \emph{user’s sole control}.
     59     \item It must enable \emph{self-determination}.
     60     \item Adoption must stay \emph{voluntary}, not mandatory.
     61   \end{itemize}
     62 \end{itemize}
     63 
     64 \end{frame}
     65 
     66 \begin{frame}{Self Sovereign Identities (SSI)}
     67 {Trust Model for Self-Determined Identification}
     68 
     69 \textbf{SSI shifts control from centralized authorities to the individual.}
     70     \begin{center}
     71       \includegraphics[width=0.8\textwidth]{images/trust_model.png}
     72     \end{center}
     73 
     74 
     75 \end{frame}
     76 
     77 \begin{frame}[fragile]{Selective Disclosure}
     78 {Communication Flow}
     79 \begin{msc}[draw frame=none, level height=0.5cm, head top distance=0.5cm, msc keyword=\small WebAuthn / FIDO2 Registration]{}
     80 \setlength{\instdist}{5.8\instdist}
     81 
     82 \declinst{holder}{\scriptsize Holder}{\scriptsize Person}
     83 \declinst{wallet}{\scriptsize Wallet}{\scriptsize Mobile}
     84 %\declinst{_}{}{}
     85 \declinst{verifier}{\scriptsize Verifier}{\scriptsize Web Server}
     86 \setlength{\instdist}{1.5cm}
     87 \mess{\tiny Get Authorization Request}{wallet}{verifier}
     88 \nextlevel
     89 \regionstart{activation}{verifier}
     90 \mess{\tiny Authorization Request (DCQL query)}{verifier}{wallet}
     91 \nextlevel
     92 \regionstart{activation}{wallet}
     93 \mess{\tiny Request authorization}{wallet}{holder}
     94 \nextlevel
     95 \action{\tiny Confirm}{holder}
     96 \nextlevel[2]
     97 \mess{\tiny Confirmation}{holder}{wallet}
     98 \regionend{wallet}
     99 \nextlevel
    100 \mess{\tiny Authorization Response (VP Token)}{wallet}{verifier}
    101 \regionend{verifier}
    102 \nextlevel
    103 \action{\tiny Verify}{verifier}
    104 \nextlevel
    105 \end{msc}
    106 
    107 \end{frame}
    108 
    109 
    110 \begin{frame}{SWIYU Beta}
    111 {Selective Disclosure --- Legal Age Only}
    112 
    113 Try the Beta-ID \url{https://www.bcs.admin.ch/bcs-web/}
    114 \begin{columns}
    115 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    116     \begin{center}
    117       \includegraphics[height=5.cm]{images/screenshots/IDs.png}
    118     \end{center}
    119 \end{column}
    120 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    121     \begin{center}
    122       \includegraphics[height=5.cm]{images/screenshots/Scan.png}
    123     \end{center}
    124 \end{column}
    125 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    126     \begin{center}
    127       \includegraphics[height=5.cm]{images/screenshots/approve_legal_age.png}
    128     \end{center}
    129 \end{column}
    130 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    131     \begin{center}
    132       \includegraphics[height=5.cm]{images/screenshots/success_legal_age.png}
    133     \end{center}
    134 \end{column}
    135 \end{columns}
    136 
    137 \end{frame}
    138 
    139 \begin{frame}{SWIYU Beta}
    140 {Selective Disclosure --- Full ID}
    141 
    142 Try the Beta-ID \url{https://www.bcs.admin.ch/bcs-web/}
    143 \begin{columns}
    144 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    145     \begin{center}
    146       \includegraphics[height=5.cm]{images/screenshots/attributes0.png}
    147     \end{center}
    148 \end{column}
    149 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    150     \begin{center}
    151       \includegraphics[height=5.cm]{images/screenshots/attributes1.png}
    152     \end{center}
    153 \end{column}
    154 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    155     \begin{center}
    156        \includegraphics[height=5.cm]{images/screenshots/attributes2.png}
    157     \end{center}
    158 \end{column}
    159 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    160     \begin{center}
    161       \includegraphics[height=5.cm]{images/screenshots/success.png}
    162     \end{center}
    163 \end{column}
    164 \end{columns}
    165 
    166 \end{frame}
    167 
    168 
    169 \begin{frame}{Available Electronic Onboarding Solutions}
    170 {Cumbersome, Fragmented, and Expensive}
    171 
    172 \begin{itemize}
    173 \item \textbf{Video Identification}  
    174 A synchronous audio–video session with a trained agent who performs the same checks as in a physical onboarding.  
    175 Legally accepted as a \emph{fiction of in-person identification}.  
    176 Drawbacks: high cost, high abandonment rates, scalability limits, and susceptibility to \textbf{session hijacking} and deepfakes.
    177 
    178 \item \textbf{Online Identification via MRTDs}  
    179 Use of \emph{Machine Readable Travel Documents} (passports, ID cards) according to ICAO Doc 9303.  
    180 Typically relies on OCR or NFC reading of the secure chip.  
    181 Drawbacks: complex UX, device compatibility issues, and vulnerability windows during live sessions.
    182 
    183 \end{itemize}
    184 
    185 Both are susceptible to \textbf{session hijacking attacks}.
    186 
    187 \end{frame}
    188 
    189 
    190 \begin{frame}{Communication Pattern}
    191 {Peer-to-Peer Interaction}
    192 
    193 \begin{columns}
    194 \begin{column}{0.47\textwidth}
    195     \textbf{Selective Disclosure}
    196     \begin{center}
    197       \includegraphics[height=4.2cm]{images/selective_disclosure}
    198     \end{center}
    199 \end{column}
    200 \begin{column}{0.47\textwidth}
    201     \textbf{Taler Payment}
    202     \begin{center}
    203       \includegraphics[height=4.2cm]{images/taler_payment}
    204     \end{center}
    205 \end{column}
    206 \end{columns}
    207 
    208 \textbf{Self-sovereign communication enables direct, privacy-preserving exchange between parties — without intermediaries.}
    209 
    210 \end{frame}
    211 
    212 \begin{frame}{Verification of Payee (VoP) under IPR}
    213 {Instant Payments Regulation (IPR)}
    214 \textbf{“Poor man's payee verification” — mandatory under the IPR since October 9\textsuperscript{th}, 2025.}
    215 
    216 \begin{itemize}
    217   \item Banks must now \textbf{verify that the account holder’s name matches the IBAN} before executing a transfer.
    218   \item The \textbf{Verification of Payee (VoP)}~\footnote{\url{https://www.ecb.europa.eu/paym/integration/retail/instant_payments/html/instant_payments_regulation.en.html}}
    219   service alerts the payer when the provided name and IBAN do not align.
    220   \item Payers receive a result \textbf{before confirming the payment}:
    221   \begin{itemize}
    222     \item \textit{Match} — name and IBAN correspond.
    223     \item \textit{Close match} — minor differences detected.
    224     \item \textit{No match / Other} — possible fraud or incorrect data.
    225   \end{itemize}
    226 \end{itemize}
    227 
    228 \end{frame}
    229 
    230 
    231 
    232 \begin{frame}{Lack of Strong Identification Between Banks}
    233 {KYC and AML applies not to payment instructions}
    234 \textbf{Bank privacy laws} prevent secure identification across institutions.
    235 
    236     \begin{center}
    237       \includegraphics[width=0.75\textwidth]{images/payments_iban_check.png}
    238     \end{center}
    239 
    240 \end{frame}
    241 
    242 \begin{frame}{Real-Time Payments with Payee Verification}
    243 \framesubtitle{Strong Verification of Payee (VoP)}
    244 
    245 Combining the payment process with strong identification $\rightarrow$ strong VoP.
    246     \begin{center}
    247       \includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{images/payment_selective_disclosure.png}
    248     \end{center}
    249 
    250 \end{frame}
    251 
    252 
    253 \begin{frame}{Payments}
    254 {Seamlessly Integration into the Digital Spaces}
    255 
    256 \begin{columns}
    257 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    258     \begin{center}
    259       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0708.PNG}
    260     \end{center}
    261 \end{column}
    262 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    263     \begin{center}
    264       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0709.png}
    265     \end{center}
    266 \end{column}
    267 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    268     \begin{center}
    269       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0707.png}
    270     \end{center}
    271 \end{column}
    272 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    273     \begin{center}
    274       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0706.png}
    275     \end{center}
    276 \end{column}
    277 \end{columns}
    278 \end{frame}
    279 
    280 
    281 
    282 \begin{frame}{Proximity-Based Transfers}
    283 {Transaction Via Near Field Communication (NFC)}
    284 
    285 \begin{columns}
    286 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    287     \begin{center}
    288       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0740.JPG}
    289     \end{center}
    290 \end{column}
    291 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    292     \begin{center}
    293       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0741.JPG}
    294     \end{center}
    295 \end{column}
    296 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    297     \begin{center}
    298       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0742.JPG}
    299     \end{center}
    300 \end{column}
    301 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    302     \begin{center}
    303       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0723.PNG}
    304     \end{center}
    305 \end{column}
    306 \end{columns}
    307 \end{frame}
    308 
    309 
    310 \begin{frame}{Transcending Communication Channel}
    311 {Choose Preferred Communication Channel}
    312 
    313 \begin{columns}
    314 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    315     \begin{center}
    316       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0718.PNG}
    317     \end{center}
    318 \end{column}
    319 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    320     \begin{center}
    321       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0717.PNG}
    322     \end{center}
    323 \end{column}
    324 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    325     \begin{center}
    326       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/Message.JPG}
    327     \end{center}
    328 \end{column}
    329 \begin{column}{0.24\textwidth}
    330     \begin{center}
    331       \includegraphics[height=5.2cm]{images/IMG_0724.PNG}
    332     \end{center}
    333 \end{column}
    334 \end{columns}
    335 \end{frame}
    336 
    337 \begin{frame}{Management Summary}{Peer-to-Peer Payments with E-ID}
    338 \begin{itemize}
    339 \item \textbf{Strong Digital Identification through E-ID}
    340 \begin{itemize}
    341 \footnotesize
    342   \item \textbf{E-ID solutions in progress:} EU Digital Identity Wallet (EUDIW, expected 2026) and Swiss WSIYU (2026).
    343   \item Based on a \textbf{self-sovereign identity (SSI)} model — user-centric, privacy-preserving, and easy to use.
    344   \item \textbf{Low onboarding costs} for service providers --- user-friendly for citizens.
    345 \end{itemize}
    346 
    347 \bigskip
    348 
    349 \item \textbf{GNU Taler Payment System}
    350 \begin{itemize}
    351 \footnotesize
    352   \item Aligns with the \textbf{SSI communication pattern} — peer-to-peer and user-controlled.
    353   \item Enables \textbf{unlinkable digital payments} (“asymmetric privacy by design”).
    354   \item \textbf{Mitigates fraud risk} through strong Verification of Payee (VoP).
    355   \item Operates \textbf{beyond traditional communicaton channels}.
    356   \item Offers \textbf{linear scalability} and \textbf{low transaction costs}, unlocking new use cases such as \emph{micro-payments}.
    357   \item \textbf{Fosters innovation} through a fully open-source (FLOSS) implementation.
    358 \end{itemize}
    359 \end{itemize}
    360 \end{frame}
    361 
    362 
    363 
    364 
    365 
    366 % This should be last...
    367 \begin{frame}{Acknowledgments}
    368 
    369   \begin{minipage}{0.45\textwidth} \ \\
    370     {\tiny Funded by the European Union (Project 101135475).}
    371 
    372     \begin{center}
    373       \includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{images/bandera.jpg}
    374     \end{center}
    375   \end{minipage}
    376   \hfill
    377   \begin{minipage}{0.45\textwidth}
    378     {\tiny Funded by SERI (HEU-Projekt 101135475-TALER).}
    379 
    380     \begin{center}
    381       \includegraphics[width=0.65\textwidth]{images/sbfi.jpg}
    382     \end{center}
    383   \end{minipage}
    384 
    385   \vfill
    386 
    387   {\tiny
    388 
    389     Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only
    390     and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union. Neither the
    391     European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for
    392     them.
    393 
    394   }
    395 \end{frame}
    396 
    397 \end{document}