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diff --git a/examples/blog/articles/scrap1_43.html b/examples/blog/articles/scrap1_43.html index 0610579e..48d77aad 100644 --- a/examples/blog/articles/scrap1_43.html +++ b/examples/blog/articles/scrap1_43.html @@ -1,6 +1,5 @@ <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/loose.dtd"> -<html> -<!-- This is the second edition of Free Software, Free Society: Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman. +<html><!-- This is the second edition of Free Software, Free Society: Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman. Free Software Foundation @@ -20,8 +19,7 @@ ISBN 978-0-9831592-0-9 Cover design by Rob Myers. Cover photograph by Peter Hinely. - --> -<!-- Created on February 18, 2016 by texi2html 1.82 + --><!-- Created on February 18, 2016 by texi2html 1.82 texi2html was written by: Lionel Cons <Lionel.Cons@cern.ch> (original author) Karl Berry <karl@freefriends.org> @@ -29,17 +27,7 @@ texi2html was written by: and many others. Maintained by: Many creative people. Send bugs and suggestions to <texi2html-bug@nongnu.org> ---> -<head> -<title>Free Software, Free Society, 2nd ed.: 43. Freedom or Power?</title> - -<meta name="description" content="This is the second edition of Richard Stallman's collection of essays."> -<meta name="keywords" content="Free Software, Free Society, 2nd ed.: 43. Freedom or Power?"> -<meta name="resource-type" content="document"> -<meta name="distribution" content="global"> -<meta name="Generator" content="texi2html 1.82"> -<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> -<style type="text/css"> +--><head><title>Free Software, Free Society, 2nd ed.: 43. Freedom or Power?</title><meta name="description" content="This is the second edition of Richard Stallman's collection of essays."><meta name="keywords" content="Free Software, Free Society, 2nd ed.: 43. Freedom or Power?"><meta name="resource-type" content="document"><meta name="distribution" content="global"><meta name="Generator" content="texi2html 1.82"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><style type="text/css"> <!-- a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none} blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller} @@ -55,32 +43,24 @@ span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal;} span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal;} ul.toc {list-style: none} --> -</style> -<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style.css"> - - -</head> - -<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000"> +</style><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style.css"></head><body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000"> <a name="Freedom-or-Power"></a> -<header><div id="logo"><img src="../gnu.svg" height="100" width="100"></div><h1>Free Software, Free Society, 2nd ed.</h1></header><section id="main"><a name="Freedom-or-Power_003f"></a> +<header><div id="logo"><a href="/"><img src="../gnu.svg" height="100" width="100"></a></div><h1>Free Software, Free Society, 2nd ed.</h1></header><section id="main"><a name="Freedom-or-Power_003f"></a> <h1 class="chapter"> 43. Freedom or Power? </h1> <p>Written by <a name="index-Kuhn_002c-Bradley-M_002e"></a> -Bradley M. Kuhn and Richard Stallman. -<br> -<em>The love of liberty is the love of others; the love of power is the love of ourselves.</em> +Bradley M. Kuhn and Richard Stallman. +<br><em>The love of liberty is the love of others; the love of power is the love of ourselves.</em> </p><a name="index-Hazlitt_002c-William"></a> -<p align="right">—William Hazlitt -</p><br> -<a name="index-proprietary-software_002c-freedom-or-power_003f"></a> +<p align="right">—William Hazlitt +</p><br><a name="index-proprietary-software_002c-freedom-or-power_003f"></a> <p>In the free software movement, we stand for freedom for the users of software. We formulated our views by looking at what freedoms are necessary for a good way of life, and permit useful programs to foster a community of goodwill, cooperation, and collaboration. Our criteria -for free software specify the freedoms that a program’s users need so +for free software specify the freedoms that a program’s users need so that they can cooperate in a community. </p> <p>We stand for freedom for programmers as well as for other users. @@ -91,8 +71,8 @@ code. We stand for freedom for all users, whether they program often, occasionally, or not at all. </p> <p>However, one so-called freedom that we do not advocate is the -“freedom to choose any license you want for software you -write.” We reject this because it is really a form of power, +“freedom to choose any license you want for software you +write.” We reject this because it is really a form of power, not a freedom. </p> <p>This oft overlooked distinction is crucial. Freedom is being able to make @@ -103,23 +83,23 @@ will fail to uphold real freedom. <a name="index-developers_002c-copyright-law-favors"></a> <p>Making a program proprietary is an exercise of power. Copyright law today grants software developers that power, so they and only they -choose the rules to impose on everyone else—a relatively small +choose the rules to impose on everyone else—a relatively small number of people make the basic software decisions for all users, typically by denying their freedom. When users lack the -freedoms that define free software, they can’t tell what the -software is doing, can’t check for back doors, can’t monitor possible -viruses and worms, can’t find out what personal information is being +freedoms that define free software, they can’t tell what the +software is doing, can’t check for back doors, can’t monitor possible +viruses and worms, can’t find out what personal information is being reported (or stop the reports, even if they do find out). If it breaks, -they can’t fix it; they have to wait for the developer to exercise its -power to do so. If it simply isn’t quite what they need, they are stuck -with it. They can’t help each other improve it. +they can’t fix it; they have to wait for the developer to exercise its +power to do so. If it simply isn’t quite what they need, they are stuck +with it. They can’t help each other improve it. </p> <a name="index-Microsoft_002c-freedom-or-power_003f"></a> <p>Proprietary software developers are often businesses. We in the free software movement are not opposed to business, but we have seen what -happens when a software business has the “freedom” to +happens when a software business has the “freedom” to impose arbitrary rules on the users of software. Microsoft is an -egregious example of how denying users’ freedoms can lead to direct +egregious example of how denying users’ freedoms can lead to direct harm, but it is not the only example. Even when there is no monopoly, proprietary software harms society. A choice of masters is not freedom. @@ -132,23 +112,23 @@ owners of proprietary software businesses. But the entire developed world now needs and uses software, so software developers now control the way it lives, does business, communicates, and is entertained. The ethical and -political issues are not addressed by the slogan of “freedom of -choice (for developers only).” +political issues are not addressed by the slogan of “freedom of +choice (for developers only).” <a name="index-developers_002c-copyright-law-favors-1"></a> </p> -<p>If “code is law,”<a name="DOCF53" href="#FOOT53">(53)</a> +<p>If “code is law,”<a name="DOCF53" href="#FOOT53">(53)</a> then the real question we face is: who should control the code you -use—you, or an elite few? We believe you are entitled to control the +use—you, or an elite few? We believe you are entitled to control the software you use, and giving you that control is the goal of free software. </p> <a name="index-GPL-7"></a> <p>We believe you should decide what to do with the software you use; -however, that is not what today’s law says. Current copyright law +however, that is not what today’s law says. Current copyright law places us in the position of power over users of our code, whether we like it or not. The ethical response to this situation is to proclaim freedom for each user, just as the Bill of Rights was supposed to -exercise government power by guaranteeing each citizen’s +exercise government power by guaranteeing each citizen’s freedoms. That is what the GNU General Public License is for: it puts you in control of your usage of the software while protecting you from others who would like to take control of your decisions. @@ -161,14 +141,11 @@ practical value of the free software we have developed. </p> <div class="footnote"> -<hr> -<h3>Footnotes</h3> +<hr><h3>Footnotes</h3> <h3><a name="FOOT53" href="#DOCF53">(53)</a></h3> -<p>William J. Mitchell, <em>City of Bits: Space, Place, and the +<p>William J. Mitchell, <em>City of Bits: Space, Place, and the Infobahn</em> (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1995), p. 111, as quoted by Lawrence Lessig in <em>Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace, Version -2.0</em> (New York, NY: Basic Books, 2006), p. 5. +2.0</em> (New York, NY: Basic Books, 2006), p. 5. </p></div> -<hr size="2"> -</body> -</html> +<hr size="2"></section></body></html> |