libeufin

TalerCommon.kt (27038B)

---

 /*
  * This file is part of LibEuFin.
  * Copyright (C) 2024, 2025, 2026 Taler Systems S.A.
  *
  * LibEuFin is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  * it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License as
  * published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or
  * (at your option) any later version.
  *
  * LibEuFin is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
  * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
  * or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Affero General
  * Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public
  * License along with LibEuFin; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
  * <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
  */
 
 package tech.libeufin.common
 
 import io.ktor.http.*
 import io.ktor.server.plugins.*
 import kotlinx.serialization.*
 import kotlinx.serialization.descriptors.*
 import kotlinx.serialization.encoding.*
 import kotlinx.serialization.json.*
 import java.net.URI
 import java.net.URL
 import java.time.Instant
 import java.time.Duration
 import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit
 import org.bouncycastle.math.ec.rfc8032.Ed25519
 
 sealed class CommonError(msg: String) : Exception(msg) {
     class AmountFormat(msg: String) : CommonError(msg)
     class AmountNumberTooBig(msg: String) : CommonError(msg)
     class Payto(msg: String) : CommonError(msg)
 }
 
 /**
  * Internal representation of relative times.  The
  * "forever" case is represented with Long.MAX_VALUE.
  */
 @JvmInline
 @Serializable(with = RelativeTime.Serializer::class)
 value class RelativeTime(val duration: Duration) {
     private object Serializer : KSerializer<RelativeTime> {
         override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor =
             buildClassSerialDescriptor("RelativeTime") {
                 element<JsonElement>("d_us")
             }
 
         override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: RelativeTime) {
             val composite = encoder.beginStructure(descriptor)
             if (value.duration == ChronoUnit.FOREVER.duration) {
                 composite.encodeStringElement(descriptor, 0, "forever")
             } else {
                 composite.encodeLongElement(descriptor, 0, TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS.convert(value.duration))
             }
             composite.endStructure(descriptor)
         }
 
         override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): RelativeTime {
             val dec = decoder.beginStructure(descriptor)
             val jsonInput = dec as? JsonDecoder ?: error("Can be deserialized only by JSON")
             lateinit var maybeDUs: JsonPrimitive
             loop@ while (true) {
                 when (val index = dec.decodeElementIndex(descriptor)) {
                     0 -> maybeDUs = jsonInput.decodeJsonElement().jsonPrimitive
                     CompositeDecoder.DECODE_DONE -> break@loop
                     else -> throw SerializationException("Unexpected index: $index")
                 }
             }
             dec.endStructure(descriptor)
             if (maybeDUs.isString) {
                 if (maybeDUs.content != "forever") throw badRequest("Only 'forever' allowed for d_us as string, but '${maybeDUs.content}' was found")
                 return RelativeTime(ChronoUnit.FOREVER.duration)
             }
             val dUs: Long = maybeDUs.longOrNull
                 ?: throw badRequest("Could not convert d_us: '${maybeDUs.content}' to a number")
             when {
                 dUs < 0 -> throw badRequest("Negative duration specified.")
                 dUs > MAX_SAFE_INTEGER -> throw badRequest("d_us value $dUs exceed cap (2^53-1)")
                 else -> return RelativeTime(Duration.of(dUs, ChronoUnit.MICROS))
             }
         }
     }
 
     companion object {
         const val MAX_SAFE_INTEGER = 9007199254740991L // 2^53 - 1
     }
 }
 
 /** Timestamp containing the number of seconds since epoch */
 @JvmInline
 @Serializable(with = TalerTimestamp.Serializer::class)
 value class TalerTimestamp constructor(val instant: Instant) {
     private object Serializer : KSerializer<TalerTimestamp> {
         override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor =
             buildClassSerialDescriptor("Timestamp") {
                 element<JsonElement>("t_s")
             }
 
         override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: TalerTimestamp) {
             val composite = encoder.beginStructure(descriptor)
             if (value.instant == Instant.MAX) {
                 composite.encodeStringElement(descriptor, 0, "never")
             } else {
                 composite.encodeLongElement(descriptor, 0, value.instant.epochSecond)
             }
             composite.endStructure(descriptor)
         }
 
         override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): TalerTimestamp {
             val dec = decoder.beginStructure(descriptor)
             val jsonInput = dec as? JsonDecoder ?: error("Can be deserialized only by JSON")
             lateinit var maybeTs: JsonPrimitive
             loop@ while (true) {
                 when (val index = dec.decodeElementIndex(descriptor)) {
                     0 -> maybeTs = jsonInput.decodeJsonElement().jsonPrimitive
                     CompositeDecoder.DECODE_DONE -> break@loop
                     else -> throw SerializationException("Unexpected index: $index")
                 }
             }
             dec.endStructure(descriptor)
             if (maybeTs.isString) {
                 if (maybeTs.content != "never") throw badRequest("Only 'never' allowed for t_s as string, but '${maybeTs.content}' was found")
                 return TalerTimestamp(Instant.MAX)
             }
             val ts: Long = maybeTs.longOrNull
                 ?: throw badRequest("Could not convert t_s '${maybeTs.content}' to a number")
             when {
                 ts < 0 -> throw badRequest("Negative timestamp not allowed")
                 ts > Instant.MAX.epochSecond -> throw badRequest("Timestamp $ts too big to be represented in Kotlin")
                 else -> return TalerTimestamp(Instant.ofEpochSecond(ts))
             }
         }
     }
     
     companion object {
         fun never(): TalerTimestamp = TalerTimestamp(Instant.MAX)
     }
 }
 
 @JvmInline
 @Serializable(with = BaseURL.Serializer::class)
 value class BaseURL private constructor(val url: URL) {
     companion object {
         fun parse(raw: String): BaseURL {
             val url = URI(raw).toURL()
             if (url.protocol !in setOf("http", "https")) {
                 throw badRequest("only 'http' and 'https' are accepted for baseURL got '${url.protocol}'")
             } else if (url.host.isNullOrBlank()) {
                 throw badRequest("missing host in baseURL got '${url}'")
             } else if (url.query != null) {
                 throw badRequest("require no query in baseURL got '${url.query}'")
             } else if (url.ref != null) {
                 throw badRequest("require no fragments in baseURL got '${url.ref}'")
             } else if (!url.path.endsWith('/')) {
                 throw badRequest("baseURL path must end with / got '${url.path}'")
             }
             return BaseURL(url)
         }
     }
 
     override fun toString(): String = url.toString()
 
     private object Serializer : KSerializer<BaseURL> {
         override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor =
             PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("BaseURL", PrimitiveKind.STRING)
 
         override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: BaseURL) {
             encoder.encodeString(value.url.toString())
         }
 
         override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): BaseURL {
             return BaseURL.parse(decoder.decodeString())
         }
     }
 }
 
 @Serializable(with = DecimalNumber.Serializer::class)
 class DecimalNumber {
     val value: Long
     val frac: Int
 
     constructor(value: Long, frac: Int) {
         this.value = value
         this.frac = frac
     }
 
     constructor(encoded: String) {
         val match = PATTERN.matchEntire(encoded) ?: throw badRequest("Invalid decimal number format")
         val (value, frac) = match.destructured
         this.value = value.toLongOrNull() ?: throw badRequest("Invalid value")
         if (this.value > TalerAmount.MAX_VALUE)
             throw badRequest("Value specified in decimal number is too large")
         this.frac = if (frac.isEmpty()) {
             0
         } else {
             var tmp = frac.toIntOrNull() ?: throw badRequest("Invalid fractional value")
             if (tmp > TalerAmount.FRACTION_BASE)
                 throw badRequest("Fractional value specified in decimal number is too large")
             repeat(8 - frac.length) {
                 tmp *= 10
             }
             tmp
         }
     }
 
     fun isZero(): Boolean = value == 0L && frac == 0
 
     override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
         return other is DecimalNumber &&
                 other.value == this.value &&
                 other.frac == this.frac
     }
 
     override fun toString(): String {
         return if (frac == 0) {
             "$value"
         } else {
             "$value.${frac.toString().padStart(8, '0')}"
                 .dropLastWhile { it == '0' } // Trim useless fractional trailing 0
         }
     }
 
     private object Serializer : KSerializer<DecimalNumber> {
         override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor =
             PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("DecimalNumber", PrimitiveKind.STRING)
 
         override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: DecimalNumber) {
             encoder.encodeString(value.toString())
         }
 
         override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): DecimalNumber {
             return DecimalNumber(decoder.decodeString())
         }
     }
 
     companion object {
         val ZERO = DecimalNumber(0, 0)
         private val PATTERN = Regex("([0-9]+)(?:\\.([0-9]{1,8}))?")
     }
 }
 
 @Serializable(with = TalerAmount.Serializer::class)
 class TalerAmount : Comparable<TalerAmount> {
     val value: Long
     val frac: Int
     val currency: String
 
     constructor(value: Long, frac: Int, currency: String) {
         this.value = value
         this.frac = frac
         this.currency = currency
     }
 
     constructor(encoded: String) {
         val match = PATTERN.matchEntire(encoded) ?: throw CommonError.AmountFormat("Invalid amount format")
         val (currency, value, frac) = match.destructured
         this.currency = currency
         this.value = value.toLongOrNull() ?: throw CommonError.AmountFormat("Invalid value")
         if (this.value > MAX_VALUE)
             throw CommonError.AmountNumberTooBig("Value specified in amount is too large")
         this.frac = if (frac.isEmpty()) {
             0
         } else {
             var tmp = frac.toIntOrNull() ?: throw CommonError.AmountFormat("Invalid fractional value")
             if (tmp > FRACTION_BASE)
                 throw CommonError.AmountFormat("Fractional value specified in amount is too large")
             repeat(8 - frac.length) {
                 tmp *= 10
             }
 
             tmp
         }
     }
 
     fun number(): DecimalNumber = DecimalNumber(value, frac)
 
     /* Check if zero */
     fun isZero(): Boolean = value == 0L && frac == 0
 
     fun notZeroOrNull(): TalerAmount? = if (isZero()) null else this
 
     /* Check is amount has fractional amount < 0.01 */
     fun isSubCent(): Boolean = (frac % CENT_FRACTION) > 0
 
     override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
         return other is TalerAmount &&
                 other.value == this.value &&
                 other.frac == this.frac &&
                 other.currency == this.currency
     }
 
     override fun toString(): String {
         return if (frac == 0) {
             "$currency:$value"
         } else {
             "$currency:$value.${frac.toString().padStart(8, '0')}"
                 .dropLastWhile { it == '0' } // Trim useless fractional trailing 0
         }
     }
 
     fun normalize(): TalerAmount {
         val value = Math.addExact(this.value, (this.frac / FRACTION_BASE).toLong())
         val frac = this.frac % FRACTION_BASE
         if (value > MAX_VALUE) throw ArithmeticException("amount value overflowed")
         return TalerAmount(value, frac, currency)
     }
 
     override operator fun compareTo(other: TalerAmount) = compareValuesBy(this, other, { it.value }, { it.frac })
 
     operator fun plus(increment: TalerAmount): TalerAmount {
         require(this.currency == increment.currency) { "currency mismatch ${this.currency} != ${increment.currency}" }
         val value = Math.addExact(this.value, increment.value)
         val frac = Math.addExact(this.frac, increment.frac)
         return TalerAmount(value, frac, currency).normalize()
     }
 
     operator fun minus(decrement: TalerAmount): TalerAmount {
         require(this.currency == decrement.currency) { "currency mismatch ${this.currency} != ${decrement.currency}" }
         var frac = this.frac
         var value = this.value
         if (frac < decrement.frac) {
             if (value <= 0) {
                 throw ArithmeticException("negative result")
             }
             frac += FRACTION_BASE
             value -= 1
         }
         if (value < decrement.value) {
             throw ArithmeticException("negative result")
         }
         return TalerAmount(value - decrement.value, frac - decrement.frac, currency).normalize()
     }
 
     private object Serializer : KSerializer<TalerAmount> {
         override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor =
             PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("TalerAmount", PrimitiveKind.STRING)
 
         override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: TalerAmount) {
             encoder.encodeString(value.toString())
         }
 
         override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): TalerAmount =
             TalerAmount(decoder.decodeString())
 
     }
 
     companion object {
         const val FRACTION_BASE = 100000000
         const val CENT_FRACTION = 1000000
         const val MAX_VALUE = 4503599627370496L // 2^52
         private val PATTERN = Regex("([A-Z]{1,11}):([0-9]+)(?:\\.([0-9]{1,8}))?")
 
         fun zero(currency: String) = TalerAmount(0, 0, currency)
         fun max(currency: String) = TalerAmount(MAX_VALUE, FRACTION_BASE - 1, currency)
     }
 }
 
 @Serializable(with = Payto.Serializer::class)
 sealed class Payto {
     abstract val parsed: URI
     abstract val canonical: String
     abstract val amount: TalerAmount?
     abstract val message: String?
     abstract val receiverName: String?
 
     /** Transform a payto URI to its bank form, using [name] as the receiver-name and the bank [ctx] */
     fun bank(name: String?, ctx: BankPaytoCtx): String = when (this) {
         is IbanPayto -> IbanPayto.build(iban.toString(), ctx.bic, name)
         is XTalerBankPayto -> {
             val name = if (name != null) "?receiver-name=${name.encodeURLParameter()}" else ""
             "payto://x-taler-bank/${ctx.hostname}/$username$name"
         }
     }
 
     fun expectIbanFull(): IbanPayto {
         val payto = expectIban()
         if (payto.receiverName == null) {
             throw CommonError.Payto("expected a full IBAN payto got no receiver-name")
         }
         return payto
     }
 
     fun expectIban(): IbanPayto {
         return when (this) {
             is IbanPayto -> this
             else -> throw CommonError.Payto("expected an IBAN payto URI got '${parsed.host}'")
         }
     }
 
     fun expectXTalerBank(): XTalerBankPayto {
         return when (this) {
             is XTalerBankPayto -> this
             else -> throw CommonError.Payto("expected a x-taler-bank payto URI got '${parsed.host}'")
         }
     }
 
     override fun equals(other: Any?): Boolean {
         if (this === other) return true
         if (other !is Payto) return false
         return this.parsed == other.parsed
     }
 
     private object Serializer : KSerializer<Payto> {
         override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor =
             PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("Payto", PrimitiveKind.STRING)
 
         override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: Payto) {
             encoder.encodeString(value.toString())
         }
 
         override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): Payto {
             return parse(decoder.decodeString())
         }
     }
 
     companion object {
         fun parse(raw: String): Payto {
             val parsed = try {
                 URI(raw)
             } catch (e: Exception) {
                 throw CommonError.Payto("expected a valid URI")
             }
             if (parsed.scheme != "payto") throw CommonError.Payto("expect a payto URI got '${parsed.scheme}'")
 
             val params = parseQueryString(parsed.query ?: "")
             val amount = params["amount"]?.run { TalerAmount(this) }
             val message = params["message"]
             val receiverName = params["receiver-name"]
 
             return when (parsed.host) {
                 "iban" -> {
                     val splitPath = parsed.path.split("/", limit = 3).filter { it.isNotEmpty() }
                     val (bic, rawIban) = when (splitPath.size) {
                         1 -> Pair(null, splitPath[0])
                         2 -> Pair(splitPath[0], splitPath[1])
                         else -> throw CommonError.Payto("too many path segments for an IBAN payto URI")
                     }
                     val iban = IBAN.parse(rawIban)
                     IbanPayto(
                         parsed,
                         "payto://iban/$iban",
                         amount,
                         message,
                         receiverName,
                         bic,
                         iban
                     )
                 }
 
                 "x-taler-bank" -> {
                     val splitPath = parsed.path.split("/", limit = 3).filter { it.isNotEmpty() }
                     if (splitPath.size != 2)
                         throw CommonError.Payto("bad number of path segments for a x-taler-bank payto URI")
                     val username = splitPath[1]
                     XTalerBankPayto(
                         parsed,
                         "payto://x-taler-bank/localhost/$username",
                         amount,
                         message,
                         receiverName,
                         username
                     )
                 }
 
                 else -> throw CommonError.Payto("unsupported payto URI kind '${parsed.host}'")
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
 @Serializable(with = IbanPayto.Serializer::class)
 class IbanPayto internal constructor(
     override val parsed: URI,
     override val canonical: String,
     override val amount: TalerAmount?,
     override val message: String?,
     override val receiverName: String?,
     val bic: String?,
     val iban: IBAN
 ) : Payto() {
     override fun toString(): String = parsed.toString()
 
     /** Format an IbanPayto in a more human readable way */
     fun fmt(): String = buildString {
         append('(')
         append(iban)
         if (bic != null) {
             append(' ')
             append(bic)
         }
         if (receiverName != null) {
             append(' ')
             append(receiverName)
         }
         append(')')
     }
 
     /** Transform an IBAN payto URI to its simple form without any query */
     fun simple(): String = build(iban.toString(), bic, null)
 
     /** Transform an IBAN payto URI to its full form, using [name] as its receiver-name */
     fun full(name: String): String = build(iban.toString(), bic, name)
 
     internal object Serializer : KSerializer<IbanPayto> {
         override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor =
             PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("IbanPayto", PrimitiveKind.STRING)
 
         override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: IbanPayto) {
             encoder.encodeString(value.toString())
         }
 
         override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): IbanPayto {
             return parse(decoder.decodeString()).expectIban()
         }
     }
 
     companion object {
         fun build(iban: String, bic: String?, name: String?): String {
             val bic = if (bic != null) "$bic/" else ""
             val name = if (name != null) "?receiver-name=${name.encodeURLParameter()}" else ""
             return "payto://iban/$bic$iban$name"
         }
 
         fun rand(name: String? = null): IbanPayto = parse(
             "payto://iban/SANDBOXX/${IBAN.rand(Country.DE)}${
                 if (name != null) {
                     "?receiver-name=${name.encodeURLParameter()}"
                 } else {
                     ""
                 }
             }"
         ).expectIban()
     }
 }
 
 class XTalerBankPayto internal constructor(
     override val parsed: URI,
     override val canonical: String,
     override val amount: TalerAmount?,
     override val message: String?,
     override val receiverName: String?,
     val username: String
 ) : Payto() {
     override fun toString(): String = parsed.toString()
 
     companion object {
         fun forUsername(username: String): XTalerBankPayto {
             return parse("payto://x-taler-bank/hostname/$username").expectXTalerBank()
         }
     }
 }
 
 /** Context specific data necessary to create a bank payto URI from a canonical payto URI */
 data class BankPaytoCtx(
     val bic: String?,
     val hostname: String
 )
 
 
 /** 16-byte Crockford's Base32 encoded data */
 @Serializable(with = Base32Crockford16B.Serializer::class)
 class Base32Crockford16B {
     private var encoded: String? = null
     val raw: ByteArray
 
     constructor(encoded: String) {
         val decoded = try {
             Base32Crockford.decode(encoded)
         } catch (e: IllegalArgumentException) {
             null
         }
         require(decoded != null && decoded.size == 16) {
             "expected 16 bytes encoded in Crockford's base32"
         }
         this.raw = decoded
         this.encoded = encoded
     }
 
     constructor(raw: ByteArray) {
         require(raw.size == 16) {
             "encoded data should be 16 bytes long"
         }
         this.raw = raw
     }
 
     fun encoded(): String {
         val tmp = encoded ?: Base32Crockford.encode(raw)
         encoded = tmp
         return tmp
     }
 
     override fun toString(): String {
         return encoded()
     }
 
     override fun equals(other: Any?) = (other is Base32Crockford16B) && raw.contentEquals(other.raw)
 
     internal object Serializer : KSerializer<Base32Crockford16B> {
         override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor =
             PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("Base32Crockford16B", PrimitiveKind.STRING)
 
         override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: Base32Crockford16B) {
             encoder.encodeString(value.encoded())
         }
 
         override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): Base32Crockford16B {
             return Base32Crockford16B(decoder.decodeString())
         }
     }
 
     companion object {
         fun rand(): Base32Crockford16B = Base32Crockford16B(ByteArray(16).rand())
         fun secureRand(): Base32Crockford16B = Base32Crockford16B(ByteArray(16).secureRand())
     }
 }
 
 /** 32-byte Crockford's Base32 encoded data */
 @Serializable(with = Base32Crockford32B.Serializer::class)
 class Base32Crockford32B {
     private var encoded: String? = null
     val raw: ByteArray
 
     constructor(encoded: String) {
         val decoded = try {
             Base32Crockford.decode(encoded)
         } catch (e: IllegalArgumentException) {
             null
         }
         require(decoded != null && decoded.size == 32) {
             "expected 32 bytes encoded in Crockford's base32"
         }
         this.raw = decoded
         this.encoded = encoded
     }
 
     constructor(raw: ByteArray) {
         require(raw.size == 32) {
             "encoded data should be 32 bytes long"
         }
         this.raw = raw
     }
 
     fun encoded(): String {
         val tmp = encoded ?: Base32Crockford.encode(raw)
         encoded = tmp
         return tmp
     }
 
     override fun toString(): String {
         return encoded()
     }
 
     override fun equals(other: Any?) = (other is Base32Crockford32B) && raw.contentEquals(other.raw)
 
     internal object Serializer : KSerializer<Base32Crockford32B> {
         override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor =
             PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("Base32Crockford32B", PrimitiveKind.STRING)
 
         override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: Base32Crockford32B) {
             encoder.encodeString(value.encoded())
         }
 
         override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): Base32Crockford32B {
             return Base32Crockford32B(decoder.decodeString())
         }
     }
 
     companion object {
         fun rand(): Base32Crockford32B = Base32Crockford32B(ByteArray(32).rand())
         fun secureRand(): Base32Crockford32B = Base32Crockford32B(ByteArray(32).secureRand())
         fun randEdsaKey(): EddsaPublicKey = randEdsaKeyPair().second
         fun randEdsaKeyPair(): Pair<ByteArray, EddsaPublicKey> {
             val secretKey = ByteArray(32)
             Ed25519.generatePrivateKey(SECURE_RNG.get(), secretKey)
             val publicKey = ByteArray(32)
             Ed25519.generatePublicKey(secretKey, 0, publicKey, 0)
             return Pair(secretKey, Base32Crockford32B(publicKey))
         }
     }
 }
 
 /** 64-byte Crockford's Base32 encoded data */
 @Serializable(with = Base32Crockford64B.Serializer::class)
 class Base32Crockford64B {
     private var encoded: String? = null
     val raw: ByteArray
 
     constructor(encoded: String) {
         val decoded = try {
             Base32Crockford.decode(encoded)
         } catch (e: IllegalArgumentException) {
             null
         }
 
         require(decoded != null && decoded.size == 64) {
             "expected 64 bytes encoded in Crockford's base32"
         }
         this.raw = decoded
         this.encoded = encoded
     }
 
     constructor(raw: ByteArray) {
         require(raw.size == 64) {
             "encoded data should be 64 bytes long"
         }
         this.raw = raw
     }
 
     fun encoded(): String {
         val tmp = encoded ?: Base32Crockford.encode(raw)
         encoded = tmp
         return tmp
     }
 
     override fun toString(): String {
         return encoded()
     }
 
     override fun equals(other: Any?) = (other is Base32Crockford64B) && raw.contentEquals(other.raw)
 
     private object Serializer : KSerializer<Base32Crockford64B> {
         override val descriptor: SerialDescriptor =
             PrimitiveSerialDescriptor("Base32Crockford64B", PrimitiveKind.STRING)
 
         override fun serialize(encoder: Encoder, value: Base32Crockford64B) {
             encoder.encodeString(value.encoded())
         }
 
         override fun deserialize(decoder: Decoder): Base32Crockford64B {
             return Base32Crockford64B(decoder.decodeString())
         }
     }
 
     companion object {
         fun rand(): Base32Crockford64B = Base32Crockford64B(ByteArray(64).rand())
     }
 }
 
 /** 32-byte hash code */
 typealias ShortHashCode = Base32Crockford32B
 /** 64-byte hash code */
 typealias HashCode = Base32Crockford64B
 
 typealias EddsaSignature = Base32Crockford64B
 /**
  * EdDSA and ECDHE public keys always point on Curve25519
  * and represented  using the standard 256 bits Ed25519 compact format,
  * converted to Crockford Base32.
  */
 typealias EddsaPublicKey = Base32Crockford32B