From 1ae0306a3cf2ea27f60b2d205789994d260c2cce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Christian Grothoff Date: Sun, 11 Oct 2020 13:29:45 +0200 Subject: add i18n FSFS --- talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/scrap1_21.html | 211 ------------------------ 1 file changed, 211 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/scrap1_21.html (limited to 'talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/scrap1_21.html') diff --git a/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/scrap1_21.html b/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/scrap1_21.html deleted file mode 100644 index f2ed919..0000000 --- a/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/scrap1_21.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,211 +0,0 @@ - - - - - -

- 21. What Is Copyleft? -

- - - - - - -

- Copyleft is a general method for making a program (or -other work) free, and requiring all modified and extended versions of the -program to be free as well. -

- - -

- The simplest way to make a program free software is to put it in the -public domain, uncopyrighted. This allows people to -share the program and their improvements, if they are so minded. But -it also allows uncooperative people to convert the program into -proprietary software. They can make changes, many or few, -and distribute the result as a proprietary product. People who -receive the program in that modified form do not have the freedom that -the original author gave them; the middleman has stripped it away. -

-

- In the GNU Project, our aim is -to give - - all - - users the freedom to redistribute and change GNU -software. If middlemen could strip off the freedom, we might have -many users, but those users would not have freedom. So instead of -putting GNU software in the public domain, we “copyleft” -it. Copyleft says that anyone who redistributes the software, with or -without changes, must pass along the freedom to further copy and -change it. Copyleft guarantees that every user has freedom. -

-

- Copyleft also provides an incentive for other programmers to add to -free software. Important free programs such as the - - - GNU C++ compiler -exist only because of this. -

-

- Copyleft also helps programmers who want to contribute improvements to -free software get permission to -do so. These programmers often work for companies or universities -that would do almost anything to get more money. A programmer may -want to contribute her changes to the community, but her employer may -want to turn the changes into a proprietary software product. -

-

- When we explain to the employer that it is illegal to distribute the -improved version except as free software, the employer usually decides -to release it as free software rather than throw it away. -

-

- To copyleft a program, we first state that it is copyrighted; then we -add distribution terms, which are a legal instrument that gives -everyone the rights to use, modify, and redistribute the program’s -code, - - or any program derived from it, - - but only if the -distribution terms are unchanged. Thus, the code and the freedoms -become legally inseparable. -

-

- Proprietary software developers use copyright to take away the users’ -freedom; we use copyright to guarantee their freedom. That’s why we -reverse the name, changing “copyright” into -“copyleft.” -

-

- Copyleft is a way of using of the copyright on the program. It -doesn’t mean abandoning the copyright; in fact, doing so would make -copyleft impossible. The “left” in -“copyleft” is not a reference to the verb “to -leave”—only to the direction which is the inverse of -“right.” -

-

- Copyleft is a general concept, and you can’t use a general concept -directly; you can only use a specific implementation of the concept. -In the GNU Project, the specific distribution terms that we use for -most software are contained in the GNU General Public License. The GNU General Public License is often called the GNU GPL for -short. There is also a Frequently Asked Questions page about the GNU -GPL, at - - http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.html - - . You can also -read about why the FSF gets copyright assignments from contributors, -at - - http://gnu.org/copyleft/why-assign.html - - . -

- - - - - - - - -

- An alternate form of copyleft, the GNU Lesser General Public License -(LGPL), applies to a few (but not all) GNU libraries. To -learn more about properly using the LGPL, please read the article -“Why You Shouldn’t Use the Lesser GPL for Your Next Library,” -available at - - http://gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html - - . -

- - - - -

- The GNU Free Documentation License (FDL) is a form of -copyleft intended for use on a manual, textbook or other document to -assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, -with or without modifications, either commercially or noncommercially. -

-

- The appropriate license is included in many manuals and in each GNU -source code distribution. -

-

- All these licenses are designed so that you can easily apply them to -your own works, assuming you are the copyright holder. You don’t have -to modify the license to do this, just include a copy of the license -in the work, and add notices in the source files that refer properly -to the license. -

- - -

- Using the same distribution terms for many different programs makes it -easy to copy code between various different programs. When they all -have the same distribution terms, there is no problem. The Lesser -GPL, version 2, includes a provision that lets you alter the -distribution terms to the ordinary GPL, so that you can copy code into -another program covered by the GPL. Version 3 of the Lesser GPL is -built as an exception added to GPL version 3, making the compatibility -automatic. -

-

- If you would like to copyleft your program with the GNU GPL or the GNU -LGPL, please see the license instructions page, at - - http://gnu.org/copyleft/gpl-howto.html - - , for advice. -Please note that you must use the entire text of the license you -choose. Each is an integral whole, and partial copies are not -permitted. -

-

- If you would like to copyleft your manual with the GNU FDL, please see -the instructions at the end of the FDL text, and the GFDL -instructions page, at - - http://gnu.org/copyleft/fdl-howto.html - - . Again, partial -copies are not permitted. - - - - - - -

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