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diff --git a/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/push-copyright-aside.html b/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/push-copyright-aside.html index 3227d2e..fd7ce63 100644 --- a/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/push-copyright-aside.html +++ b/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/push-copyright-aside.html @@ -1,13 +1,21 @@ <!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" --> -<!-- Parent-Version: 1.86 --> -<title>Science must “push copyright aside” +<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 --> +<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html --> +<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws copyright" --> +<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --> +<title>Science Must Push Copyright Aside - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title> <!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/push-copyright-aside.translist" --> <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" --> -<h2>Science must push copyright aside</h2> +<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" --> +<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE--> +<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" --> +<div class="article reduced-width"> +<h2>Science Must Push Copyright Aside</h2> -<p>by <strong>Richard M. Stallman</strong></p> +<address class="byline">by Richard Stallman</address> +<div class="introduction"> <p><em>Many points that lead to a conclusion that software freedom must be universal often apply to other forms of expressive works, albeit in different ways. This essay concerns the application of principles @@ -16,9 +24,7 @@ Generally, such issues are orthogonal to software freedom, but we include essays like this here since many people interested in Free Software want to know more about how the principles can be applied to areas other than software.</em></p> - -<p>(This article appeared in <em>Nature</em> magazine's -<b>web</b>debates forum in 2001.)</p> +</div> <p>It should be a truism that the scientific literature exists to disseminate scientific knowledge, and that scientific journals exist @@ -54,7 +60,7 @@ that began this article. Many journal publishers appear to believe that the purpose of scientific literature is to enable them to publish journals so as to collect subscriptions from scientists and students. Such thinking is known as “confusion of the means with -the ends”.</p> +the ends.”</p> <p>Their approach has been to restrict access even to read the scientific literature to those who can and will pay for it. They use @@ -104,41 +110,49 @@ more. It is self-defeating to digitize the archives and waste the results by restricting access.</p> <p>The US Constitution says that copyright exists “to promote -the Progress of Science”. When copyright impedes the progress of +the Progress of Science.” When copyright impedes the progress of science, science must push copyright out of the way.</p> -<hr /> +<hr class="column-limit" /> -Later developments: +<h3 class="footnote">Later developments</h3> <p>Some universities have adopted policies to thwart the journal -publishers' power. For instance, here is MIT's.<br/> +publishers' power. For instance, look at the <a href="https://libraries.mit.edu/scholarly/mit-open-access/open-access-policy/"> -https://libraries.mit.edu/scholarly/mit-open-access/open-access-policy/</a>. +MIT Faculty Open Access Policy</a>. Stronger policies are needed, however, as this one permits individual -authors to "opt out" (i.e., cave in).</p> +authors to “opt out” (i.e., cave in).</p> -<p>The US government has imposed a requirement known as "public -access" on some funded research. This requires publication within a +<p>The US government has imposed a requirement known as “public +access” on some funded research. This requires publication within a certain period in a site that allows anyone to view the article. This requirement is a positive step, but inadequate because it does not include freedom to redistribute the article.</p> -<p>Curiously, the concept of "open access" in the 2002 Budapest Open +<p>Curiously, the concept of “open access” in the 2002 Budapest Open Access Initiative did include freedom to redistribute. I signed that -declaration, despite my distaste for the word "open", because the +declaration, despite my distaste for the word “open,” because the substance of the position was right.</p> -<p>However, the word "open" had the last laugh: influential -campaigners for "open access" subsequently dropped freedom to +<p>However, the word “open” had the last laugh: influential +campaigners for “open access” subsequently dropped freedom to redistribute from their goals. I stand by the position of -the <a href="http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/">BOAI</a>, but now that -"open access" means something else, I refer to it as "redistributable -publication" or "free-to-mirror publication".</p> +the <a href="https://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/">BOAI</a>, but now that +“open access” means something else, I refer to it as “redistributable +publication” or “free-to-mirror publication.”</p> + +<div class="infobox extra" role="complementary"> +<hr /> +<p>This article appeared in <a +href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050729110347/http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/stallman.html"> +<cite>Nature WebDebates</cite></a> in 2001.</p> +</div> +</div> </div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above --> <!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --> -<div id="footer"> +<div id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="unprintable"> <p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to @@ -156,13 +170,13 @@ to <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p> to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org"> <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p> - <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of + <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of our web pages, see <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a>. --> Please see the <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations -README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations +README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p> </div> @@ -183,7 +197,7 @@ of this article.</p> There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. --> -<p>Copyright © 2001, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 Richard M. Stallman</p> +<p>Copyright © 2001, 2010-2012, 2021 Richard Stallman</p> <p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative @@ -193,7 +207,7 @@ Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p> <p class="unprintable">Updated: <!-- timestamp start --> -$Date: 2018/12/15 14:02:38 $ +$Date: 2021/10/02 11:25:45 $ <!-- timestamp end --> </p> </div> |