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diff --git a/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/komongistan.html b/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/komongistan.html index a6f2813..2ca42e1 100644 --- a/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/komongistan.html +++ b/talermerchantdemos/blog/articles/en/komongistan.html @@ -1,17 +1,23 @@ <!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" --> -<!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 --> - +<!-- Parent-Version: 1.96 --> +<!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html --> +<!--#set var="TAGS" value="essays laws noip" --> +<!--#set var="DISABLE_TOP_ADDENDUM" value="yes" --> <title>The Curious History of Komongistan (Busting the term “intellectual property”) - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title> - <!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/komongistan.translist" --> <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" --> +<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/ph-breadcrumb.html" --> +<!--GNUN: OUT-OF-DATE NOTICE--> +<!--#include virtual="/server/top-addendum.html" --> +<div class="article reduced-width"> -<h2>The Curious History of Komongistan (Busting the term -“intellectual property”)</h2> +<h2>The Curious History of Komongistan<br /><small>(Busting the term +“intellectual property”)</small></h2> -<p>by <a href="http://www.stallman.org/">Richard M. Stallman</a></p> +<address class="byline">by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard +Stallman</a></address> <p>The purpose of this parable is to illustrate just how misguided the term “intellectual property” is. When I say that <a @@ -29,7 +35,7 @@ no more in common than any three randomly chosen parts of the world, since they have different geographies, different cultures, different languages, different religions, and separate histories. Today, however, their differentness is mostly buried under their joint label -of “Komongistan”.</p> +of “Komongistan.”</p> <p>Few today recall the marketing campaign that coined that name: companies trading with South Korea, Mongolia and Pakistan called those @@ -45,7 +51,7 @@ popular literature, began to talk about Komongistan.</p> <p>The majority of papers in prestigious journals of Komongistan Studies actually treat some aspect of one of the three “regions of -Komongistan”, using “Komongistan” only as a label. These +Komongistan,” using “Komongistan” only as a label. These papers are no less useful than they would be without that label, for readers that are careful to connect the paper only with the “region” it describes.</p> @@ -53,7 +59,7 @@ readers that are careful to connect the paper only with the <p>However, scholars yearn to generalize, so they often write so as to extend their conclusions to “more” of Komongistan, which introduces error. Other papers compare two of the “regions of -Komongistan”. These papers can be valid too if understood as +Komongistan.” These papers can be valid too if understood as comparisons of unrelated countries. However, the term “Komongistan” leads people to focus on comparing Pakistan with Mongolia and Korea, rather than with nearby India, Afghanistan and Iran, @@ -62,7 +68,7 @@ with which it has had historical relationships.</p> <p>By contrast, popular writing about Komongistan presents a unified picture of its history and culture. This bogus picture encourages readers to equate each of the three “regions” with the whole of -“Komongistan”. They are fascinated by Jenghiz Khan, the great +“Komongistan.” They are fascinated by Jenghiz Khan, the great Komongistani (actually Mongol) conqueror. They learn how the fortunes of Komongistan have declined since then, as Komongistan (actually Pakistan) was part of the British Empire until 1946; just four years @@ -70,7 +76,7 @@ after the British colonial rulers pulled out, US and Chinese armies moved in and fought each other (actually in Korea). Reading about the Afghan Taliban's relations with neighboring Komongistan (actually Pakistan), they get a feeling of deeper understanding from considering -the matter in the “broader Komongistani context”, but this +the matter in the “broader Komongistani context,” but this supposed understanding is spurious.</p> <p>Some beginner-level Korean language classes have begun writing Korean @@ -141,7 +147,7 @@ of some of those countries. There is little chance that reality will soon change to resemble the fiction of Komongistan.</p> <p>The parable of Komongistan understates the stretch of the term -“intellectual property”, which is used to refer to a lot more +“intellectual property,” which is used to refer to a lot more laws than the three that people mostly think of. To do justice to the term's level of overgeneralization, we would need to throw in Switzerland, Cuba, Tawantinsuyu, Gondor, and the People's @@ -161,10 +167,11 @@ people can learn about and judge each of these laws without the assumption they are similar. See <a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html"> Did You Say “Intellectual Property”? It's a Seductive Mirage</a>, for more explanation.</p> +</div> </div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above --> <!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --> -<div id="footer"> +<div id="footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="unprintable"> <p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to @@ -182,19 +189,19 @@ to <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p> to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org"> <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p> - <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of + <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of our web pages, see <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a>. --> Please see the <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations -README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations +README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p> </div> <!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should - be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this + be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first. Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the @@ -209,7 +216,7 @@ of this article.</p> There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. --> -<p>Copyright © 2015 Richard Stallman</p> +<p>Copyright © 2015, 2021 Richard Stallman</p> <p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative @@ -219,10 +226,10 @@ Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p> <p class="unprintable">Updated: <!-- timestamp start --> -$Date: 2015/04/21 15:27:30 $ +$Date: 2021/10/01 10:55:56 $ <!-- timestamp end --> </p> </div> -</div> +</div><!-- for class="inner", starts in the banner include --> </body> </html> |