// Copyright 2018 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#ifndef V8_INTL_SUPPORT
#error Internationalization is expected to be enabled.
#endif  // V8_INTL_SUPPORT

#include "src/objects/js-number-format.h"

#include <set>
#include <string>

#include "src/execution/isolate.h"
#include "src/objects/intl-objects.h"
#include "src/objects/js-number-format-inl.h"
#include "src/objects/objects-inl.h"
#include "unicode/currunit.h"
#include "unicode/decimfmt.h"
#include "unicode/locid.h"
#include "unicode/nounit.h"
#include "unicode/numberformatter.h"
#include "unicode/numfmt.h"
#include "unicode/ucurr.h"
#include "unicode/uloc.h"
#include "unicode/unumberformatter.h"
#include "unicode/uvernum.h"  // for U_ICU_VERSION_MAJOR_NUM

namespace v8 {
namespace internal {

namespace {

// [[CurrencyDisplay]] is one of the values "code", "symbol", "name",
// or "narrowSymbol" identifying the display of the currency number format.
// Note: "narrowSymbol" is added in proposal-unified-intl-numberformat
enum class CurrencyDisplay {
  CODE,
  SYMBOL,
  NAME,
  NARROW_SYMBOL,
};

// [[CurrencySign]] is one of the String values "standard" or "accounting",
// specifying whether to render negative numbers in accounting format, often
// signified by parenthesis. It is only used when [[Style]] has the value
// "currency" and when [[SignDisplay]] is not "never".
enum class CurrencySign {
  STANDARD,
  ACCOUNTING,
};

// [[UnitDisplay]] is one of the String values "short", "narrow", or "long",
// specifying whether to display the unit as a symbol, narrow symbol, or
// localized long name if formatting with the "unit" style. It is
// only used when [[Style]] has the value "unit".
enum class UnitDisplay {
  SHORT,
  NARROW,
  LONG,
};

// [[Notation]] is one of the String values "standard", "scientific",
// "engineering", or "compact", specifying whether the number should be
// displayed without scaling, scaled to the units place with the power of ten
// in scientific notation, scaled to the nearest thousand with the power of
// ten in scientific notation, or scaled to the nearest locale-dependent
// compact decimal notation power of ten with the corresponding compact
// decimal notation affix.

enum class Notation {
  STANDARD,
  SCIENTIFIC,
  ENGINEERING,
  COMPACT,
};

// [[CompactDisplay]] is one of the String values "short" or "long",
// specifying whether to display compact notation affixes in short form ("5K")
// or long form ("5 thousand") if formatting with the "compact" notation. It
// is only used when [[Notation]] has the value "compact".
enum class CompactDisplay {
  SHORT,
  LONG,
};

// [[SignDisplay]] is one of the String values "auto", "always", "never", or
// "exceptZero", specifying whether to show the sign on negative numbers
// only, positive and negative numbers including zero, neither positive nor
// negative numbers, or positive and negative numbers but not zero.
enum class SignDisplay {
  AUTO,
  ALWAYS,
  NEVER,
  EXCEPT_ZERO,
};

UNumberUnitWidth ToUNumberUnitWidth(CurrencyDisplay currency_display) {
  switch (currency_display) {
    case CurrencyDisplay::SYMBOL:
      return UNumberUnitWidth::UNUM_UNIT_WIDTH_SHORT;
    case CurrencyDisplay::CODE:
      return UNumberUnitWidth::UNUM_UNIT_WIDTH_ISO_CODE;
    case CurrencyDisplay::NAME:
      return UNumberUnitWidth::UNUM_UNIT_WIDTH_FULL_NAME;
    case CurrencyDisplay::NARROW_SYMBOL:
      return UNumberUnitWidth::UNUM_UNIT_WIDTH_NARROW;
  }
}

UNumberUnitWidth ToUNumberUnitWidth(UnitDisplay unit_display) {
  switch (unit_display) {
    case UnitDisplay::SHORT:
      return UNumberUnitWidth::UNUM_UNIT_WIDTH_SHORT;
    case UnitDisplay::LONG:
      return UNumberUnitWidth::UNUM_UNIT_WIDTH_FULL_NAME;
    case UnitDisplay::NARROW:
      return UNumberUnitWidth::UNUM_UNIT_WIDTH_NARROW;
  }
}

UNumberSignDisplay ToUNumberSignDisplay(SignDisplay sign_display,
                                        CurrencySign currency_sign) {
  switch (sign_display) {
    case SignDisplay::AUTO:
      if (currency_sign == CurrencySign::ACCOUNTING) {
        return UNumberSignDisplay::UNUM_SIGN_ACCOUNTING;
      }
      DCHECK(currency_sign == CurrencySign::STANDARD);
      return UNumberSignDisplay::UNUM_SIGN_AUTO;
    case SignDisplay::NEVER:
      return UNumberSignDisplay::UNUM_SIGN_NEVER;
    case SignDisplay::ALWAYS:
      if (currency_sign == CurrencySign::ACCOUNTING) {
        return UNumberSignDisplay::UNUM_SIGN_ACCOUNTING_ALWAYS;
      }
      DCHECK(currency_sign == CurrencySign::STANDARD);
      return UNumberSignDisplay::UNUM_SIGN_ALWAYS;
    case SignDisplay::EXCEPT_ZERO:
      if (currency_sign == CurrencySign::ACCOUNTING) {
        return UNumberSignDisplay::UNUM_SIGN_ACCOUNTING_EXCEPT_ZERO;
      }
      DCHECK(currency_sign == CurrencySign::STANDARD);
      return UNumberSignDisplay::UNUM_SIGN_EXCEPT_ZERO;
  }
}

icu::number::Notation ToICUNotation(Notation notation,
                                    CompactDisplay compact_display) {
  switch (notation) {
    case Notation::STANDARD:
      return icu::number::Notation::simple();
    case Notation::SCIENTIFIC:
      return icu::number::Notation::scientific();
    case Notation::ENGINEERING:
      return icu::number::Notation::engineering();
    // 29. If notation is "compact", then
    case Notation::COMPACT:
      // 29. a. Set numberFormat.[[CompactDisplay]] to compactDisplay.
      if (compact_display == CompactDisplay::SHORT) {
        return icu::number::Notation::compactShort();
      }
      DCHECK(compact_display == CompactDisplay::LONG);
      return icu::number::Notation::compactLong();
  }
}

std::map<const std::string, icu::MeasureUnit> CreateUnitMap() {
  UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
  int32_t total = icu::MeasureUnit::getAvailable(nullptr, 0, status);
  CHECK(U_FAILURE(status));
  status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
  // See the list in ecma402 #sec-issanctionedsimpleunitidentifier
  std::set<std::string> sanctioned(
      {"acre",       "bit",        "byte",
       "celsius",    "centimeter", "day",
       "degree",     "fahrenheit", "fluid-ounce",
       "foot",       "gallon",     "gigabit",
       "gigabyte",   "gram",       "hectare",
       "hour",       "inch",       "kilobit",
       "kilobyte",   "kilogram",   "kilometer",
       "liter",      "megabit",    "megabyte",
       "meter",      "mile",       "mile-scandinavian",
       "millimeter", "milliliter", "millisecond",
       "minute",     "month",      "ounce",
       "percent",    "petabyte",   "pound",
       "second",     "stone",      "terabit",
       "terabyte",   "week",       "yard",
       "year"});
  std::vector<icu::MeasureUnit> units(total);
  total = icu::MeasureUnit::getAvailable(units.data(), total, status);
  CHECK(U_SUCCESS(status));
  std::map<const std::string, icu::MeasureUnit> map;
  for (auto it = units.begin(); it != units.end(); ++it) {
    // Need to skip none/percent
    if (sanctioned.count(it->getSubtype()) > 0 &&
        strcmp("none", it->getType()) != 0) {
      map[it->getSubtype()] = *it;
    }
  }
  return map;
}

class UnitFactory {
 public:
  UnitFactory() : map_(CreateUnitMap()) {}
  virtual ~UnitFactory() {}

  // ecma402 #sec-issanctionedsimpleunitidentifier
  icu::MeasureUnit create(const std::string& unitIdentifier) {
    // 1. If unitIdentifier is in the following list, return true.
    auto found = map_.find(unitIdentifier);
    if (found != map_.end()) {
      return found->second;
    }
    // 2. Return false.
    return icu::NoUnit::base();
  }

 private:
  std::map<const std::string, icu::MeasureUnit> map_;
};

// ecma402 #sec-issanctionedsimpleunitidentifier
icu::MeasureUnit IsSanctionedUnitIdentifier(const std::string& unit) {
  static base::LazyInstance<UnitFactory>::type factory =
      LAZY_INSTANCE_INITIALIZER;
  return factory.Pointer()->create(unit);
}

// ecma402 #sec-iswellformedunitidentifier
Maybe<std::pair<icu::MeasureUnit, icu::MeasureUnit>> IsWellFormedUnitIdentifier(
    Isolate* isolate, const std::string& unit) {
  icu::MeasureUnit result = IsSanctionedUnitIdentifier(unit);
  icu::MeasureUnit none = icu::NoUnit::base();
  // 1. If the result of IsSanctionedUnitIdentifier(unitIdentifier) is true,
  // then
  if (result != none) {
    // a. Return true.
    std::pair<icu::MeasureUnit, icu::MeasureUnit> pair(result, none);
    return Just(pair);
  }
  // 2. If the substring "-per-" does not occur exactly once in unitIdentifier,
  // then
  size_t first_per = unit.find("-per-");
  if (first_per == std::string::npos ||
      unit.find("-per-", first_per + 5) != std::string::npos) {
    // a. Return false.
    return Nothing<std::pair<icu::MeasureUnit, icu::MeasureUnit>>();
  }
  // 3. Let numerator be the substring of unitIdentifier from the beginning to
  // just before "-per-".
  std::string numerator = unit.substr(0, first_per);

  // 4. If the result of IsSanctionedUnitIdentifier(numerator) is false, then
  result = IsSanctionedUnitIdentifier(numerator);
  if (result == none) {
    // a. Return false.
    return Nothing<std::pair<icu::MeasureUnit, icu::MeasureUnit>>();
  }
  // 5. Let denominator be the substring of unitIdentifier from just after
  // "-per-" to the end.
  std::string denominator = unit.substr(first_per + 5);

  // 6. If the result of IsSanctionedUnitIdentifier(denominator) is false, then
  icu::MeasureUnit den_result = IsSanctionedUnitIdentifier(denominator);
  if (den_result == none) {
    // a. Return false.
    return Nothing<std::pair<icu::MeasureUnit, icu::MeasureUnit>>();
  }
  // 7. Return true.
  std::pair<icu::MeasureUnit, icu::MeasureUnit> pair(result, den_result);
  return Just(pair);
}

// ecma-402/#sec-currencydigits
// The currency is expected to an all upper case string value.
int CurrencyDigits(const icu::UnicodeString& currency) {
  UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
  uint32_t fraction_digits = ucurr_getDefaultFractionDigits(
      reinterpret_cast<const UChar*>(currency.getBuffer()), &status);
  // For missing currency codes, default to the most common, 2
  return U_SUCCESS(status) ? fraction_digits : 2;
}

bool IsAToZ(char ch) { return IsInRange(AsciiAlphaToLower(ch), 'a', 'z'); }

// ecma402/#sec-iswellformedcurrencycode
bool IsWellFormedCurrencyCode(const std::string& currency) {
  // Verifies that the input is a well-formed ISO 4217 currency code.
  // ecma402/#sec-currency-codes
  // 2. If the number of elements in normalized is not 3, return false.
  if (currency.length() != 3) return false;
  // 1. Let normalized be the result of mapping currency to upper case as
  //   described in 6.1.
  //
  // 3. If normalized contains any character that is not in
  // the range "A" to "Z" (U+0041 to U+005A), return false.
  //
  // 4. Return true.
  // Don't uppercase to test. It could convert invalid code into a valid one.
  // For example \u00DFP (Eszett+P) becomes SSP.
  return (IsAToZ(currency[0]) && IsAToZ(currency[1]) && IsAToZ(currency[2]));
}

// Return the style as a String.
Handle<String> StyleAsString(Isolate* isolate, JSNumberFormat::Style style) {
  switch (style) {
    case JSNumberFormat::Style::PERCENT:
      return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).percent_string_handle();
    case JSNumberFormat::Style::CURRENCY:
      return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).currency_string_handle();
    case JSNumberFormat::Style::UNIT:
      return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).unit_string_handle();
    case JSNumberFormat::Style::DECIMAL:
      return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).decimal_string_handle();
  }
  UNREACHABLE();
}

// Parse the 'currencyDisplay' from the skeleton.
Handle<String> CurrencyDisplayString(Isolate* isolate,
                                     const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton) {
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up unit-width-iso-code"
  if (skeleton.indexOf("unit-width-iso-code") >= 0) {
    return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).code_string_handle();
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up unit-width-full-name;"
  if (skeleton.indexOf("unit-width-full-name") >= 0) {
    return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).name_string_handle();
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up unit-width-narrow;
  if (skeleton.indexOf("unit-width-narrow") >= 0) {
    return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).narrowSymbol_string_handle();
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up"
  return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).symbol_string_handle();
}

// Return true if there are no "group-off" in the skeleton.
bool UseGroupingFromSkeleton(const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton) {
  return skeleton.indexOf("group-off") == -1;
}

// Parse currency code from skeleton. For example, skeleton as
// "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up unit-width-full-name;"
std::string CurrencyFromSkeleton(const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton) {
  std::string str;
  str = skeleton.toUTF8String<std::string>(str);
  std::string search("currency/");
  size_t index = str.find(search);
  if (index == str.npos) return "";
  return str.substr(index + search.size(), 3);
}

// Return CurrencySign as string based on skeleton.
Handle<String> CurrencySignString(Isolate* isolate,
                                  const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton) {
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up sign-accounting-always" OR
  // "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up sign-accounting-except-zero"
  if (skeleton.indexOf("sign-accounting") >= 0) {
    return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).accounting_string_handle();
  }
  return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).standard_string_handle();
}

// Return UnitDisplay as string based on skeleton.
Handle<String> UnitDisplayString(Isolate* isolate,
                                 const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton) {
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "measure-unit/length-meter .### rounding-mode-half-up unit-width-full-name"
  if (skeleton.indexOf("unit-width-full-name") >= 0) {
    return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).long_string_handle();
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "measure-unit/length-meter .### rounding-mode-half-up unit-width-narrow".
  if (skeleton.indexOf("unit-width-narrow") >= 0) {
    return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).narrow_string_handle();
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "measure-unit/length-foot .### rounding-mode-half-up"
  return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).short_string_handle();
}

// Parse Notation from skeleton.
Notation NotationFromSkeleton(const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton) {
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "scientific .### rounding-mode-half-up"
  if (skeleton.indexOf("scientific") >= 0) {
    return Notation::SCIENTIFIC;
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "engineering .### rounding-mode-half-up"
  if (skeleton.indexOf("engineering") >= 0) {
    return Notation::ENGINEERING;
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "compact-short .### rounding-mode-half-up" or
  // "compact-long .### rounding-mode-half-up
  if (skeleton.indexOf("compact-") >= 0) {
    return Notation::COMPACT;
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "measure-unit/length-foot .### rounding-mode-half-up"
  return Notation::STANDARD;
}

Handle<String> NotationAsString(Isolate* isolate, Notation notation) {
  switch (notation) {
    case Notation::SCIENTIFIC:
      return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).scientific_string_handle();
    case Notation::ENGINEERING:
      return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).engineering_string_handle();
    case Notation::COMPACT:
      return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).compact_string_handle();
    case Notation::STANDARD:
      return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).standard_string_handle();
  }
  UNREACHABLE();
}

// Return CompactString as string based on skeleton.
Handle<String> CompactDisplayString(Isolate* isolate,
                                    const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton) {
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "compact-long .### rounding-mode-half-up"
  if (skeleton.indexOf("compact-long") >= 0) {
    return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).long_string_handle();
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "compact-short .### rounding-mode-half-up"
  DCHECK_GE(skeleton.indexOf("compact-short"), 0);
  return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).short_string_handle();
}

// Return SignDisplay as string based on skeleton.
Handle<String> SignDisplayString(Isolate* isolate,
                                 const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton) {
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up sign-never"
  if (skeleton.indexOf("sign-never") >= 0) {
    return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).never_string_handle();
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // ".### rounding-mode-half-up sign-always" or
  // "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up sign-accounting-always"
  if (skeleton.indexOf("sign-always") >= 0 ||
      skeleton.indexOf("sign-accounting-always") >= 0) {
    return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).always_string_handle();
  }
  // Ex: skeleton as
  // "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up sign-accounting-except-zero" or
  // "currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up sign-except-zero"
  if (skeleton.indexOf("sign-accounting-except-zero") >= 0 ||
      skeleton.indexOf("sign-except-zero") >= 0) {
    return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).exceptZero_string_handle();
  }
  return ReadOnlyRoots(isolate).auto_string_handle();
}

}  // anonymous namespace

// Return the minimum integer digits by counting the number of '0' after
// "integer-width/+" in the skeleton.
// Ex: Return 15 for skeleton as
// “currency/TWD .00 rounding-mode-half-up integer-width/+000000000000000”
//                                                                 1
//                                                        123456789012345
// Return default value as 1 if there are no "integer-width/+".
int32_t JSNumberFormat::MinimumIntegerDigitsFromSkeleton(
    const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton) {
  // count the number of 0 after "integer-width/+"
  icu::UnicodeString search("integer-width/+");
  int32_t index = skeleton.indexOf(search);
  if (index < 0) return 1;  // return 1 if cannot find it.
  index += search.length();
  int32_t matched = 0;
  while (index < skeleton.length() && skeleton[index] == '0') {
    matched++;
    index++;
  }
  CHECK_GT(matched, 0);
  return matched;
}

// Return true if there are fraction digits, false if not.
// The minimum fraction digits is the number of '0' after '.' in the skeleton
// The maximum fraction digits is the number of '#' after the above '0's plus
// the minimum fraction digits.
// For example, as skeleton “.000#### rounding-mode-half-up”
//                            123
//                               4567
// Set The minimum as 3 and maximum as 7.
bool JSNumberFormat::FractionDigitsFromSkeleton(
    const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton, int32_t* minimum, int32_t* maximum) {
  icu::UnicodeString search(".");
  int32_t index = skeleton.indexOf(search);
  if (index < 0) return false;
  *minimum = 0;
  index++;  // skip the '.'
  while (index < skeleton.length() && skeleton[index] == '0') {
    (*minimum)++;
    index++;
  }
  *maximum = *minimum;
  while (index < skeleton.length() && skeleton[index] == '#') {
    (*maximum)++;
    index++;
  }
  return true;
}

// Return true if there are significant digits, false if not.
// The minimum significant digits is the number of '@' in the skeleton
// The maximum significant digits is the number of '#' after these '@'s plus
// the minimum significant digits.
// Ex: Skeleton as "@@@@@####### rounding-mode-half-up"
//                  12345
//                       6789012
// Set The minimum as 5 and maximum as 12.
bool JSNumberFormat::SignificantDigitsFromSkeleton(
    const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton, int32_t* minimum, int32_t* maximum) {
  icu::UnicodeString search("@");
  int32_t index = skeleton.indexOf(search);
  if (index < 0) return false;
  *minimum = 1;
  index++;  // skip the first '@'
  while (index < skeleton.length() && skeleton[index] == '@') {
    (*minimum)++;
    index++;
  }
  *maximum = *minimum;
  while (index < skeleton.length() && skeleton[index] == '#') {
    (*maximum)++;
    index++;
  }
  return true;
}

namespace {

// Ex: percent .### rounding-mode-half-up
// Special case for "percent"
// Ex: "measure-unit/length-kilometer per-measure-unit/duration-hour .###
// rounding-mode-half-up" should return "kilometer-per-unit".
// Ex: "measure-unit/duration-year .### rounding-mode-half-up" should return
// "year".
std::string UnitFromSkeleton(const icu::UnicodeString& skeleton) {
  std::string str;
  str = skeleton.toUTF8String<std::string>(str);
  // Special case for "percent" first.
  if (str.find("percent") != str.npos) {
    return "percent";
  }
  std::string search("measure-unit/");
  size_t begin = str.find(search);
  if (begin == str.npos) {
    return "";
  }
  // Skip the type (ex: "length").
  // "measure-unit/length-kilometer per-measure-unit/duration-hour"
  //                     b
  begin = str.find("-", begin + search.size());
  if (begin == str.npos) {
    return "";
  }
  begin++;  // Skip the '-'.
  // Find the end of the subtype.
  size_t end = str.find(" ", begin);
  // "measure-unit/length-kilometer per-measure-unit/duration-hour"
  //                      b        e
  if (end == str.npos) {
    end = str.size();
    return str.substr(begin, end - begin);
  }
  // "measure-unit/length-kilometer per-measure-unit/duration-hour"
  //                      b        e
  //                      [result ]
  std::string result = str.substr(begin, end - begin);
  begin = end + 1;
  // "measure-unit/length-kilometer per-measure-unit/duration-hour"
  //                      [result ]eb
  std::string search_per("per-measure-unit/");
  begin = str.find(search_per, begin);
  // "measure-unit/length-kilometer per-measure-unit/duration-hour"
  //                      [result ]e                 b
  if (begin == str.npos) {
    return result;
  }
  // Skip the type (ex: "duration").
  begin = str.find("-", begin + search_per.size());
  // "measure-unit/length-kilometer per-measure-unit/duration-hour"
  //                      [result ]e                         b
  if (begin == str.npos) {
    return result;
  }
  begin++;  // Skip the '-'.
  // "measure-unit/length-kilometer per-measure-unit/duration-hour"
  //                      [result ]e                          b
  end = str.find(" ", begin);
  if (end == str.npos) {
    end = str.size();
  }
  // "measure-unit/length-kilometer per-measure-unit/duration-hour"
  //                      [result ]                           b   e
  return result + "-per-" + str.substr(begin, end - begin);
}

}  // anonymous namespace

icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter
JSNumberFormat::SetDigitOptionsToFormatter(
    const icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter& icu_number_formatter,
    const Intl::NumberFormatDigitOptions& digit_options) {
  icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter result = icu_number_formatter;
  if (digit_options.minimum_integer_digits > 1) {
    result = result.integerWidth(icu::number::IntegerWidth::zeroFillTo(
        digit_options.minimum_integer_digits));
  }
  if (FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified) {
    // Value -1 of minimum_significant_digits represent the roundingtype is
    // "compact-rounding".
    if (digit_options.minimum_significant_digits < 0) {
      return result;
    }
  }
  icu::number::Precision precision =
      (digit_options.minimum_significant_digits > 0)
          ? icu::number::Precision::minMaxSignificantDigits(
                digit_options.minimum_significant_digits,
                digit_options.maximum_significant_digits)
          : icu::number::Precision::minMaxFraction(
                digit_options.minimum_fraction_digits,
                digit_options.maximum_fraction_digits);

  return result.precision(precision);
}

// static
// ecma402 #sec-intl.numberformat.prototype.resolvedoptions
Handle<JSObject> JSNumberFormat::ResolvedOptions(
    Isolate* isolate, Handle<JSNumberFormat> number_format) {
  Factory* factory = isolate->factory();

  UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
  icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter* icu_number_formatter =
      number_format->icu_number_formatter().raw();
  icu::UnicodeString skeleton = icu_number_formatter->toSkeleton(status);
  CHECK(U_SUCCESS(status));

  // 4. Let options be ! ObjectCreate(%ObjectPrototype%).
  Handle<JSObject> options = factory->NewJSObject(isolate->object_function());

  Handle<String> locale = Handle<String>(number_format->locale(), isolate);

  std::unique_ptr<char[]> locale_str = locale->ToCString();
  icu::Locale icu_locale = Intl::CreateICULocale(locale_str.get());

  std::string numbering_system = Intl::GetNumberingSystem(icu_locale);

  // 5. For each row of Table 4, except the header row, in table order, do
  // Table 4: Resolved Options of NumberFormat Instances
  //  Internal Slot                    Property
  //    [[Locale]]                      "locale"
  //    [[NumberingSystem]]             "numberingSystem"
  //    [[Style]]                       "style"
  //    [[Currency]]                    "currency"
  //    [[CurrencyDisplay]]             "currencyDisplay"
  //    [[MinimumIntegerDigits]]        "minimumIntegerDigits"
  //    [[MinimumFractionDigits]]       "minimumFractionDigits"
  //    [[MaximumFractionDigits]]       "maximumFractionDigits"
  //    [[MinimumSignificantDigits]]    "minimumSignificantDigits"
  //    [[MaximumSignificantDigits]]    "maximumSignificantDigits"
  //    [[UseGrouping]]                 "useGrouping"
  CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(isolate, options,
                                       factory->locale_string(), locale,
                                       Just(kDontThrow))
            .FromJust());
  if (!numbering_system.empty()) {
    CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
              isolate, options, factory->numberingSystem_string(),
              factory->NewStringFromAsciiChecked(numbering_system.c_str()),
              Just(kDontThrow))
              .FromJust());
  }
  JSNumberFormat::Style style = number_format->style();
  CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
            isolate, options, factory->style_string(),
            StyleAsString(isolate, style), Just(kDontThrow))
            .FromJust());
  std::string currency = CurrencyFromSkeleton(skeleton);
  if (!currency.empty()) {
    CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
              isolate, options, factory->currency_string(),
              factory->NewStringFromAsciiChecked(currency.c_str()),
              Just(kDontThrow))
              .FromJust());

    CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
              isolate, options, factory->currencyDisplay_string(),
              CurrencyDisplayString(isolate, skeleton), Just(kDontThrow))
              .FromJust());
    if (FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified) {
      CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
                isolate, options, factory->currencySign_string(),
                CurrencySignString(isolate, skeleton), Just(kDontThrow))
                .FromJust());
    }
  }

  if (FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified) {
    if (style == JSNumberFormat::Style::UNIT) {
      std::string unit = UnitFromSkeleton(skeleton);
      if (!unit.empty()) {
        CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
                  isolate, options, factory->unit_string(),
                  isolate->factory()->NewStringFromAsciiChecked(unit.c_str()),
                  Just(kDontThrow))
                  .FromJust());
      }
      CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
                isolate, options, factory->unitDisplay_string(),
                UnitDisplayString(isolate, skeleton), Just(kDontThrow))
                .FromJust());
    }
  }

  CHECK(
      JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
          isolate, options, factory->minimumIntegerDigits_string(),
          factory->NewNumberFromInt(MinimumIntegerDigitsFromSkeleton(skeleton)),
          Just(kDontThrow))
          .FromJust());
  int32_t minimum = 0, maximum = 0;
  bool output_fraction =
      FractionDigitsFromSkeleton(skeleton, &minimum, &maximum);

  if (!FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified && !output_fraction) {
    // Currenct ECMA 402 spec mandate to record (Min|Max)imumFractionDigits
    // uncondictionally while the unified number proposal eventually will only
    // record either (Min|Max)imumFractionDigits or
    // (Min|Max)imumSignaficantDigits Since LocalizedNumberFormatter can only
    // remember one set, and during 2019-1-17 ECMA402 meeting that the committee
    // decide not to take a PR to address that prior to the unified number
    // proposal, we have to add these two 5 bits int into flags to remember the
    // (Min|Max)imumFractionDigits while (Min|Max)imumSignaficantDigits is
    // present.
    // TODO(ftang) remove the following two lines once we ship
    // int-number-format-unified
    output_fraction = true;
    minimum = number_format->minimum_fraction_digits();
    maximum = number_format->maximum_fraction_digits();
  }
  if (output_fraction) {
    CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
              isolate, options, factory->minimumFractionDigits_string(),
              factory->NewNumberFromInt(minimum), Just(kDontThrow))
              .FromJust());
    CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
              isolate, options, factory->maximumFractionDigits_string(),
              factory->NewNumberFromInt(maximum), Just(kDontThrow))
              .FromJust());
  }
  minimum = 0;
  maximum = 0;
  if (SignificantDigitsFromSkeleton(skeleton, &minimum, &maximum)) {
    CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
              isolate, options, factory->minimumSignificantDigits_string(),
              factory->NewNumberFromInt(minimum), Just(kDontThrow))
              .FromJust());
    CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
              isolate, options, factory->maximumSignificantDigits_string(),
              factory->NewNumberFromInt(maximum), Just(kDontThrow))
              .FromJust());
  }

  CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
            isolate, options, factory->useGrouping_string(),
            factory->ToBoolean(UseGroupingFromSkeleton(skeleton)),
            Just(kDontThrow))
            .FromJust());
  if (FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified) {
    Notation notation = NotationFromSkeleton(skeleton);
    CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
              isolate, options, factory->notation_string(),
              NotationAsString(isolate, notation), Just(kDontThrow))
              .FromJust());
    // Only output compactDisplay when notation is compact.
    if (notation == Notation::COMPACT) {
      CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
                isolate, options, factory->compactDisplay_string(),
                CompactDisplayString(isolate, skeleton), Just(kDontThrow))
                .FromJust());
    }
    CHECK(JSReceiver::CreateDataProperty(
              isolate, options, factory->signDisplay_string(),
              SignDisplayString(isolate, skeleton), Just(kDontThrow))
              .FromJust());
  }
  return options;
}

// ecma402/#sec-unwrapnumberformat
MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat> JSNumberFormat::UnwrapNumberFormat(
    Isolate* isolate, Handle<JSReceiver> format_holder) {
  // old code copy from NumberFormat::Unwrap that has no spec comment and
  // compiled but fail unit tests.
  Handle<Context> native_context =
      Handle<Context>(isolate->context().native_context(), isolate);
  Handle<JSFunction> constructor = Handle<JSFunction>(
      JSFunction::cast(native_context->intl_number_format_function()), isolate);
  Handle<Object> object;
  ASSIGN_RETURN_ON_EXCEPTION(
      isolate, object,
      Intl::LegacyUnwrapReceiver(isolate, format_holder, constructor,
                                 format_holder->IsJSNumberFormat()),
      JSNumberFormat);
  // 4. If ... or nf does not have an [[InitializedNumberFormat]] internal slot,
  // then
  if (!object->IsJSNumberFormat()) {
    // a. Throw a TypeError exception.
    THROW_NEW_ERROR(isolate,
                    NewTypeError(MessageTemplate::kIncompatibleMethodReceiver,
                                 isolate->factory()->NewStringFromAsciiChecked(
                                     "UnwrapNumberFormat")),
                    JSNumberFormat);
  }
  // 5. Return nf.
  return Handle<JSNumberFormat>::cast(object);
}

// static
MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat> JSNumberFormat::New(Isolate* isolate,
                                                Handle<Map> map,
                                                Handle<Object> locales,
                                                Handle<Object> options_obj) {
  Factory* factory = isolate->factory();

  // 1. Let requestedLocales be ? CanonicalizeLocaleList(locales).
  Maybe<std::vector<std::string>> maybe_requested_locales =
      Intl::CanonicalizeLocaleList(isolate, locales);
  MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_requested_locales, Handle<JSNumberFormat>());
  std::vector<std::string> requested_locales =
      maybe_requested_locales.FromJust();

  // 2. If options is undefined, then
  if (options_obj->IsUndefined(isolate)) {
    // 2. a. Let options be ObjectCreate(null).
    options_obj = isolate->factory()->NewJSObjectWithNullProto();
  } else {
    // 3. Else
    // 3. a. Let options be ? ToObject(options).
    ASSIGN_RETURN_ON_EXCEPTION(
        isolate, options_obj,
        Object::ToObject(isolate, options_obj, "Intl.NumberFormat"),
        JSNumberFormat);
  }

  // At this point, options_obj can either be a JSObject or a JSProxy only.
  Handle<JSReceiver> options = Handle<JSReceiver>::cast(options_obj);

  // 4. Let opt be a new Record.
  // 5. Let matcher be ? GetOption(options, "localeMatcher", "string", «
  // "lookup", "best fit" », "best fit").
  // 6. Set opt.[[localeMatcher]] to matcher.
  Maybe<Intl::MatcherOption> maybe_locale_matcher =
      Intl::GetLocaleMatcher(isolate, options, "Intl.NumberFormat");
  MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_locale_matcher, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());
  Intl::MatcherOption matcher = maybe_locale_matcher.FromJust();

  std::unique_ptr<char[]> numbering_system_str = nullptr;
  if (FLAG_harmony_intl_add_calendar_numbering_system) {
    // 7. Let _numberingSystem_ be ? GetOption(_options_, `"numberingSystem"`,
    //    `"string"`, *undefined*, *undefined*).
    Maybe<bool> maybe_numberingSystem = Intl::GetNumberingSystem(
        isolate, options, "Intl.RelativeTimeFormat", &numbering_system_str);
    // 8. If _numberingSystem_ is not *undefined*, then
    // a. If _numberingSystem_ does not match the
    //    `(3*8alphanum) *("-" (3*8alphanum))` sequence, throw a *RangeError*
    //     exception.
    MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_numberingSystem, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());
  }

  // 7. Let localeData be %NumberFormat%.[[LocaleData]].
  // 8. Let r be ResolveLocale(%NumberFormat%.[[AvailableLocales]],
  // requestedLocales, opt,  %NumberFormat%.[[RelevantExtensionKeys]],
  // localeData).
  std::set<std::string> relevant_extension_keys{"nu"};
  Intl::ResolvedLocale r =
      Intl::ResolveLocale(isolate, JSNumberFormat::GetAvailableLocales(),
                          requested_locales, matcher, relevant_extension_keys);

  UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
  if (numbering_system_str != nullptr) {
    r.icu_locale.setUnicodeKeywordValue("nu", numbering_system_str.get(),
                                        status);
    CHECK(U_SUCCESS(status));
    r.locale = Intl::ToLanguageTag(r.icu_locale).FromJust();
  }

  // 9. Set numberFormat.[[Locale]] to r.[[locale]].
  Handle<String> locale_str =
      isolate->factory()->NewStringFromAsciiChecked(r.locale.c_str());

  // 11. Let dataLocale be r.[[dataLocale]].

  icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter icu_number_formatter =
      icu::number::NumberFormatter::withLocale(r.icu_locale)
          .roundingMode(UNUM_ROUND_HALFUP);

  // 12. Let style be ? GetOption(options, "style", "string",  « "decimal",
  // "percent", "currency" », "decimal").
  const char* service = "Intl.NumberFormat";

  std::vector<const char*> style_str_values({"decimal", "percent", "currency"});
  std::vector<JSNumberFormat::Style> style_enum_values(
      {JSNumberFormat::Style::DECIMAL, JSNumberFormat::Style::PERCENT,
       JSNumberFormat::Style::CURRENCY});
  if (FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified) {
    style_str_values.push_back("unit");
    style_enum_values.push_back(JSNumberFormat::Style::UNIT);
  }
  Maybe<JSNumberFormat::Style> maybe_style =
      Intl::GetStringOption<JSNumberFormat::Style>(
          isolate, options, "style", service, style_str_values,
          style_enum_values, JSNumberFormat::Style::DECIMAL);
  MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_style, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());
  JSNumberFormat::Style style = maybe_style.FromJust();

  // 13. Set numberFormat.[[Style]] to style.

  // 14. Let currency be ? GetOption(options, "currency", "string", undefined,
  // undefined).
  std::unique_ptr<char[]> currency_cstr;
  const std::vector<const char*> empty_values = {};
  Maybe<bool> found_currency = Intl::GetStringOption(
      isolate, options, "currency", empty_values, service, &currency_cstr);
  MAYBE_RETURN(found_currency, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());

  std::string currency;
  // 15. If currency is not undefined, then
  if (found_currency.FromJust()) {
    DCHECK_NOT_NULL(currency_cstr.get());
    currency = currency_cstr.get();
    // 15. a. If the result of IsWellFormedCurrencyCode(currency) is false,
    // throw a RangeError exception.
    if (!IsWellFormedCurrencyCode(currency)) {
      THROW_NEW_ERROR(
          isolate,
          NewRangeError(MessageTemplate::kInvalid,
                        factory->NewStringFromStaticChars("currency code"),
                        factory->NewStringFromAsciiChecked(currency.c_str())),
          JSNumberFormat);
    }
  }

  // 16. If style is "currency" and currency is undefined, throw a TypeError
  // exception.
  if (style == JSNumberFormat::Style::CURRENCY && !found_currency.FromJust()) {
    THROW_NEW_ERROR(isolate, NewTypeError(MessageTemplate::kCurrencyCode),
                    JSNumberFormat);
  }
  // 17. If style is "currency", then
  int c_digits = 0;
  icu::UnicodeString currency_ustr;
  if (style == JSNumberFormat::Style::CURRENCY) {
    // a. Let currency be the result of converting currency to upper case as
    //    specified in 6.1
    std::transform(currency.begin(), currency.end(), currency.begin(), toupper);
    // c. Let cDigits be CurrencyDigits(currency).
    currency_ustr = currency.c_str();
    c_digits = CurrencyDigits(currency_ustr);
  }

  // 18. Let currencyDisplay be ? GetOption(options, "currencyDisplay",
  // "string", « "code",  "symbol", "name" », "symbol").
  std::vector<const char*> currency_display_str_values(
      {"code", "symbol", "name"});
  std::vector<CurrencyDisplay> currency_display_enum_values(
      {CurrencyDisplay::CODE, CurrencyDisplay::SYMBOL, CurrencyDisplay::NAME});
  if (FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified) {
    currency_display_str_values.push_back("narrowSymbol");
    currency_display_enum_values.push_back(CurrencyDisplay::NARROW_SYMBOL);
  }
  Maybe<CurrencyDisplay> maybe_currency_display =
      Intl::GetStringOption<CurrencyDisplay>(
          isolate, options, "currencyDisplay", service,
          currency_display_str_values, currency_display_enum_values,
          CurrencyDisplay::SYMBOL);
  MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_currency_display, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());
  CurrencyDisplay currency_display = maybe_currency_display.FromJust();

  CurrencySign currency_sign = CurrencySign::STANDARD;
  if (FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified) {
    // Let currencySign be ? GetOption(options, "currencySign", "string", «
    // "standard",  "accounting" », "standard").
    Maybe<CurrencySign> maybe_currency_sign =
        Intl::GetStringOption<CurrencySign>(
            isolate, options, "currencySign", service,
            {"standard", "accounting"},
            {CurrencySign::STANDARD, CurrencySign::ACCOUNTING},
            CurrencySign::STANDARD);
    MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_currency_sign, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());
    currency_sign = maybe_currency_sign.FromJust();

    // Let unit be ? GetOption(options, "unit", "string", undefined, undefined).
    std::unique_ptr<char[]> unit_cstr;
    Maybe<bool> found_unit = Intl::GetStringOption(
        isolate, options, "unit", empty_values, service, &unit_cstr);
    MAYBE_RETURN(found_unit, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());

    std::string unit;
    if (found_unit.FromJust()) {
      DCHECK_NOT_NULL(unit_cstr.get());
      unit = unit_cstr.get();
    }

    // Let unitDisplay be ? GetOption(options, "unitDisplay", "string", «
    // "short", "narrow", "long" »,  "short").
    Maybe<UnitDisplay> maybe_unit_display = Intl::GetStringOption<UnitDisplay>(
        isolate, options, "unitDisplay", service, {"short", "narrow", "long"},
        {UnitDisplay::SHORT, UnitDisplay::NARROW, UnitDisplay::LONG},
        UnitDisplay::SHORT);
    MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_unit_display, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());
    UnitDisplay unit_display = maybe_unit_display.FromJust();

    // If style is "unit", then
    if (style == JSNumberFormat::Style::UNIT) {
      // If unit is undefined, throw a TypeError exception.
      if (unit == "") {
        THROW_NEW_ERROR(
            isolate,
            NewTypeError(MessageTemplate::kInvalidUnit,
                         factory->NewStringFromStaticChars("Intl.NumberFormat"),
                         factory->empty_string()),
            JSNumberFormat);
      }

      // If the result of IsWellFormedUnitIdentifier(unit) is false, throw a
      // RangeError exception.
      Maybe<std::pair<icu::MeasureUnit, icu::MeasureUnit>> maybe_wellformed =
          IsWellFormedUnitIdentifier(isolate, unit);
      if (maybe_wellformed.IsNothing()) {
        THROW_NEW_ERROR(
            isolate,
            NewRangeError(
                MessageTemplate::kInvalidUnit,
                factory->NewStringFromStaticChars("Intl.NumberFormat"),
                factory->NewStringFromAsciiChecked(unit.c_str())),
            JSNumberFormat);
      }
      std::pair<icu::MeasureUnit, icu::MeasureUnit> unit_pair =
          maybe_wellformed.FromJust();

      // Set intlObj.[[Unit]] to unit.
      if (unit_pair.first != icu::NoUnit::base()) {
        icu_number_formatter = icu_number_formatter.unit(unit_pair.first);
      }
      if (unit_pair.second != icu::NoUnit::base()) {
        icu_number_formatter = icu_number_formatter.perUnit(unit_pair.second);
      }

      // The default unitWidth is SHORT in ICU and that mapped from
      // Symbol so we can skip the setting for optimization.
      if (unit_display != UnitDisplay::SHORT) {
        icu_number_formatter =
            icu_number_formatter.unitWidth(ToUNumberUnitWidth(unit_display));
      }
    }
  }

  if (style == JSNumberFormat::Style::PERCENT) {
    icu_number_formatter = icu_number_formatter.unit(icu::NoUnit::percent())
                               .scale(icu::number::Scale::powerOfTen(2));
  }

  if (style == JSNumberFormat::Style::CURRENCY) {
    // 19. If style is "currency", set  numberFormat.[[CurrencyDisplay]] to
    // currencyDisplay.

    // 17.b. Set numberFormat.[[Currency]] to currency.
    if (!currency_ustr.isEmpty()) {
      Handle<String> currency_string;
      ASSIGN_RETURN_ON_EXCEPTION(isolate, currency_string,
                                 Intl::ToString(isolate, currency_ustr),
                                 JSNumberFormat);

      icu_number_formatter = icu_number_formatter.unit(
          icu::CurrencyUnit(currency_ustr.getBuffer(), status));
      CHECK(U_SUCCESS(status));
      // The default unitWidth is SHORT in ICU and that mapped from
      // Symbol so we can skip the setting for optimization.
      if (currency_display != CurrencyDisplay::SYMBOL) {
        icu_number_formatter = icu_number_formatter.unitWidth(
            ToUNumberUnitWidth(currency_display));
      }
      CHECK(U_SUCCESS(status));
    }
  }

  // 23. If style is "currency", then
  int mnfd_default, mxfd_default;
  if (style == JSNumberFormat::Style::CURRENCY) {
    //  a. Let mnfdDefault be cDigits.
    //  b. Let mxfdDefault be cDigits.
    mnfd_default = c_digits;
    mxfd_default = c_digits;
    // 24. Else,
  } else {
    // a. Let mnfdDefault be 0.
    mnfd_default = 0;
    // b. If style is "percent", then
    if (style == JSNumberFormat::Style::PERCENT) {
      // i. Let mxfdDefault be 0.
      mxfd_default = 0;
    } else {
      // c. Else,
      // i. Let mxfdDefault be 3.
      mxfd_default = 3;
    }
  }

  Notation notation = Notation::STANDARD;
  if (FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified) {
    // 25. Let notation be ? GetOption(options, "notation", "string", «
    // "standard", "scientific",  "engineering", "compact" », "standard").
    Maybe<Notation> maybe_notation = Intl::GetStringOption<Notation>(
        isolate, options, "notation", service,
        {"standard", "scientific", "engineering", "compact"},
        {Notation::STANDARD, Notation::SCIENTIFIC, Notation::ENGINEERING,
         Notation::COMPACT},
        Notation::STANDARD);
    MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_notation, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());
    notation = maybe_notation.FromJust();
  }

  // 27. Perform ? SetNumberFormatDigitOptions(numberFormat, options,
  // mnfdDefault, mxfdDefault).
  Maybe<Intl::NumberFormatDigitOptions> maybe_digit_options =
      Intl::SetNumberFormatDigitOptions(isolate, options, mnfd_default,
                                        mxfd_default,
                                        notation == Notation::COMPACT);
  MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_digit_options, Handle<JSNumberFormat>());
  Intl::NumberFormatDigitOptions digit_options = maybe_digit_options.FromJust();
  icu_number_formatter = JSNumberFormat::SetDigitOptionsToFormatter(
      icu_number_formatter, digit_options);

  if (FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified) {
    // 28. Let compactDisplay be ? GetOption(options, "compactDisplay",
    // "string", « "short", "long" »,  "short").
    Maybe<CompactDisplay> maybe_compact_display =
        Intl::GetStringOption<CompactDisplay>(
            isolate, options, "compactDisplay", service, {"short", "long"},
            {CompactDisplay::SHORT, CompactDisplay::LONG},
            CompactDisplay::SHORT);
    MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_compact_display, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());
    CompactDisplay compact_display = maybe_compact_display.FromJust();

    // 26. Set numberFormat.[[Notation]] to notation.
    // The default notation in ICU is Simple, which mapped from STANDARD
    // so we can skip setting it.
    if (notation != Notation::STANDARD) {
      icu_number_formatter = icu_number_formatter.notation(
          ToICUNotation(notation, compact_display));
    }
  }
  // 30. Let useGrouping be ? GetOption(options, "useGrouping", "boolean",
  // undefined, true).
  bool use_grouping = true;
  Maybe<bool> found_use_grouping = Intl::GetBoolOption(
      isolate, options, "useGrouping", service, &use_grouping);
  MAYBE_RETURN(found_use_grouping, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());
  // 31. Set numberFormat.[[UseGrouping]] to useGrouping.
  if (!use_grouping) {
    icu_number_formatter = icu_number_formatter.grouping(
        UNumberGroupingStrategy::UNUM_GROUPING_OFF);
  }

  if (FLAG_harmony_intl_numberformat_unified) {
    // 32. Let signDisplay be ? GetOption(options, "signDisplay", "string", «
    // "auto", "never", "always",  "exceptZero" », "auto").
    Maybe<SignDisplay> maybe_sign_display = Intl::GetStringOption<SignDisplay>(
        isolate, options, "signDisplay", service,
        {"auto", "never", "always", "exceptZero"},
        {SignDisplay::AUTO, SignDisplay::NEVER, SignDisplay::ALWAYS,
         SignDisplay::EXCEPT_ZERO},
        SignDisplay::AUTO);
    MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_sign_display, MaybeHandle<JSNumberFormat>());
    SignDisplay sign_display = maybe_sign_display.FromJust();

    // 33. Set numberFormat.[[SignDisplay]] to signDisplay.
    // The default sign in ICU is UNUM_SIGN_AUTO which is mapped from
    // SignDisplay::AUTO and CurrencySign::STANDARD so we can skip setting
    // under that values for optimization.
    if (sign_display != SignDisplay::AUTO ||
        currency_sign != CurrencySign::STANDARD) {
      icu_number_formatter = icu_number_formatter.sign(
          ToUNumberSignDisplay(sign_display, currency_sign));
    }
  }

  // 25. Let dataLocaleData be localeData.[[<dataLocale>]].
  //
  // 26. Let patterns be dataLocaleData.[[patterns]].
  //
  // 27. Assert: patterns is a record (see 11.3.3).
  //
  // 28. Let stylePatterns be patterns.[[<style>]].
  //
  // 29. Set numberFormat.[[PositivePattern]] to
  // stylePatterns.[[positivePattern]].
  //
  // 30. Set numberFormat.[[NegativePattern]] to
  // stylePatterns.[[negativePattern]].
  //
  Handle<Managed<icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter>>
      managed_number_formatter =
          Managed<icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter>::FromRawPtr(
              isolate, 0,
              new icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter(icu_number_formatter));

  // Now all properties are ready, so we can allocate the result object.
  Handle<JSNumberFormat> number_format = Handle<JSNumberFormat>::cast(
      isolate->factory()->NewFastOrSlowJSObjectFromMap(map));
  DisallowHeapAllocation no_gc;
  number_format->set_flags(0);
  number_format->set_style(style);
  number_format->set_locale(*locale_str);

  if (digit_options.minimum_significant_digits > 0) {
    // The current ECMA 402 spec mandates recording (Min|Max)imumFractionDigits
    // unconditionally, while the unified number proposal eventually will only
    // record either (Min|Max)imumFractionDigits or
    // (Min|Max)imumSignificantDigits. Since LocalizedNumberFormatter can only
    // remember one set, and during 2019-1-17 ECMA402 meeting the committee
    // decided not to take a PR to address that prior to the unified number
    // proposal, we have to add these two 5-bit ints into flags to remember the
    // (Min|Max)imumFractionDigits while (Min|Max)imumSignificantDigits is
    // present.
    // TODO(ftang) remove the following two lines once we ship
    // int-number-format-unified
    number_format->set_minimum_fraction_digits(
        digit_options.minimum_fraction_digits);
    number_format->set_maximum_fraction_digits(
        digit_options.maximum_fraction_digits);
  }

  number_format->set_icu_number_formatter(*managed_number_formatter);
  number_format->set_bound_format(*factory->undefined_value());

  // 31. Return numberFormat.
  return number_format;
}

namespace {
Maybe<icu::UnicodeString> IcuFormatNumber(
    Isolate* isolate,
    const icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter& number_format,
    Handle<Object> numeric_obj, icu::FieldPositionIterator* fp_iter) {
  // If it is BigInt, handle it differently.
  UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
  icu::number::FormattedNumber formatted;
  if (numeric_obj->IsBigInt()) {
    Handle<BigInt> big_int = Handle<BigInt>::cast(numeric_obj);
    Handle<String> big_int_string;
    ASSIGN_RETURN_ON_EXCEPTION_VALUE(isolate, big_int_string,
                                     BigInt::ToString(isolate, big_int),
                                     Nothing<icu::UnicodeString>());
    formatted = number_format.formatDecimal(
        {big_int_string->ToCString().get(), big_int_string->length()}, status);
  } else {
    double number = numeric_obj->Number();
    formatted = number_format.formatDouble(number, status);
  }
  if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
    // This happen because of icu data trimming trim out "unit".
    // See https://bugs.chromium.org/p/v8/issues/detail?id=8641
    THROW_NEW_ERROR_RETURN_VALUE(isolate,
                                 NewTypeError(MessageTemplate::kIcuError),
                                 Nothing<icu::UnicodeString>());
  }
  if (fp_iter) {
    formatted.getAllFieldPositions(*fp_iter, status);
  }
  icu::UnicodeString result = formatted.toString(status);
  if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
    THROW_NEW_ERROR_RETURN_VALUE(isolate,
                                 NewTypeError(MessageTemplate::kIcuError),
                                 Nothing<icu::UnicodeString>());
  }
  return Just(result);
}

}  // namespace

MaybeHandle<String> JSNumberFormat::FormatNumeric(
    Isolate* isolate,
    const icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter& number_format,
    Handle<Object> numeric_obj) {
  DCHECK(numeric_obj->IsNumeric());

  Maybe<icu::UnicodeString> maybe_format =
      IcuFormatNumber(isolate, number_format, numeric_obj, nullptr);
  MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_format, Handle<String>());
  return Intl::ToString(isolate, maybe_format.FromJust());
}

namespace {

bool cmp_NumberFormatSpan(const NumberFormatSpan& a,
                          const NumberFormatSpan& b) {
  // Regions that start earlier should be encountered earlier.
  if (a.begin_pos < b.begin_pos) return true;
  if (a.begin_pos > b.begin_pos) return false;
  // For regions that start in the same place, regions that last longer should
  // be encountered earlier.
  if (a.end_pos < b.end_pos) return false;
  if (a.end_pos > b.end_pos) return true;
  // For regions that are exactly the same, one of them must be the "literal"
  // backdrop we added, which has a field_id of -1, so consider higher field_ids
  // to be later.
  return a.field_id < b.field_id;
}

}  // namespace

// Flattens a list of possibly-overlapping "regions" to a list of
// non-overlapping "parts". At least one of the input regions must span the
// entire space of possible indexes. The regions parameter will sorted in-place
// according to some criteria; this is done for performance to avoid copying the
// input.
std::vector<NumberFormatSpan> FlattenRegionsToParts(
    std::vector<NumberFormatSpan>* regions) {
  // The intention of this algorithm is that it's used to translate ICU "fields"
  // to JavaScript "parts" of a formatted string. Each ICU field and JavaScript
  // part has an integer field_id, which corresponds to something like "grouping
  // separator", "fraction", or "percent sign", and has a begin and end
  // position. Here's a diagram of:

  // var nf = new Intl.NumberFormat(['de'], {style:'currency',currency:'EUR'});
  // nf.formatToParts(123456.78);

  //               :       6
  //  input regions:    0000000211 7
  // ('-' means -1):    ------------
  // formatted string: "123.456,78 €"
  // output parts:      0006000211-7

  // To illustrate the requirements of this algorithm, here's a contrived and
  // convoluted example of inputs and expected outputs:

  //              :          4
  //              :      22 33    3
  //              :      11111   22
  // input regions:     0000000  111
  //              :     ------------
  // formatted string: "abcdefghijkl"
  // output parts:      0221340--231
  // (The characters in the formatted string are irrelevant to this function.)

  // We arrange the overlapping input regions like a mountain range where
  // smaller regions are "on top" of larger regions, and we output a birds-eye
  // view of the mountains, so that smaller regions take priority over larger
  // regions.
  std::sort(regions->begin(), regions->end(), cmp_NumberFormatSpan);
  std::vector<size_t> overlapping_region_index_stack;
  // At least one item in regions must be a region spanning the entire string.
  // Due to the sorting above, the first item in the vector will be one of them.
  overlapping_region_index_stack.push_back(0);
  NumberFormatSpan top_region = regions->at(0);
  size_t region_iterator = 1;
  int32_t entire_size = top_region.end_pos;

  std::vector<NumberFormatSpan> out_parts;

  // The "climber" is a cursor that advances from left to right climbing "up"
  // and "down" the mountains. Whenever the climber moves to the right, that
  // represents an item of output.
  int32_t climber = 0;
  while (climber < entire_size) {
    int32_t next_region_begin_pos;
    if (region_iterator < regions->size()) {
      next_region_begin_pos = regions->at(region_iterator).begin_pos;
    } else {
      // finish off the rest of the input by proceeding to the end.
      next_region_begin_pos = entire_size;
    }

    if (climber < next_region_begin_pos) {
      while (top_region.end_pos < next_region_begin_pos) {
        if (climber < top_region.end_pos) {
          // step down
          out_parts.push_back(NumberFormatSpan(top_region.field_id, climber,
                                               top_region.end_pos));
          climber = top_region.end_pos;
        } else {
          // drop down
        }
        overlapping_region_index_stack.pop_back();
        top_region = regions->at(overlapping_region_index_stack.back());
      }
      if (climber < next_region_begin_pos) {
        // cross a plateau/mesa/valley
        out_parts.push_back(NumberFormatSpan(top_region.field_id, climber,
                                             next_region_begin_pos));
        climber = next_region_begin_pos;
      }
    }
    if (region_iterator < regions->size()) {
      overlapping_region_index_stack.push_back(region_iterator++);
      top_region = regions->at(overlapping_region_index_stack.back());
    }
  }
  return out_parts;
}

namespace {
Maybe<int> ConstructParts(Isolate* isolate, const icu::UnicodeString& formatted,
                          icu::FieldPositionIterator* fp_iter,
                          Handle<JSArray> result, int start_index,
                          Handle<Object> numeric_obj, bool style_is_unit) {
  DCHECK(numeric_obj->IsNumeric());
  int32_t length = formatted.length();
  int index = start_index;
  if (length == 0) return Just(index);

  std::vector<NumberFormatSpan> regions;
  // Add a "literal" backdrop for the entire string. This will be used if no
  // other region covers some part of the formatted string. It's possible
  // there's another field with exactly the same begin and end as this backdrop,
  // in which case the backdrop's field_id of -1 will give it lower priority.
  regions.push_back(NumberFormatSpan(-1, 0, formatted.length()));

  {
    icu::FieldPosition fp;
    while (fp_iter->next(fp)) {
      regions.push_back(NumberFormatSpan(fp.getField(), fp.getBeginIndex(),
                                         fp.getEndIndex()));
    }
  }

  std::vector<NumberFormatSpan> parts = FlattenRegionsToParts(&regions);

  for (auto it = parts.begin(); it < parts.end(); it++) {
    NumberFormatSpan part = *it;
    Handle<String> field_type_string = isolate->factory()->literal_string();
    if (part.field_id != -1) {
      if (style_is_unit && static_cast<UNumberFormatFields>(part.field_id) ==
                               UNUM_PERCENT_FIELD) {
        // Special case when style is unit.
        field_type_string = isolate->factory()->unit_string();
      } else {
        field_type_string =
            Intl::NumberFieldToType(isolate, numeric_obj, part.field_id);
      }
    }
    Handle<String> substring;
    ASSIGN_RETURN_ON_EXCEPTION_VALUE(
        isolate, substring,
        Intl::ToString(isolate, formatted, part.begin_pos, part.end_pos),
        Nothing<int>());
    Intl::AddElement(isolate, result, index, field_type_string, substring);
    ++index;
  }
  JSObject::ValidateElements(*result);
  return Just(index);
}

}  // namespace

MaybeHandle<JSArray> JSNumberFormat::FormatToParts(
    Isolate* isolate, Handle<JSNumberFormat> number_format,
    Handle<Object> numeric_obj) {
  CHECK(numeric_obj->IsNumeric());
  Factory* factory = isolate->factory();
  icu::number::LocalizedNumberFormatter* fmt =
      number_format->icu_number_formatter().raw();
  CHECK_NOT_NULL(fmt);

  icu::FieldPositionIterator fp_iter;
  Maybe<icu::UnicodeString> maybe_format =
      IcuFormatNumber(isolate, *fmt, numeric_obj, &fp_iter);
  MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_format, Handle<JSArray>());

  Handle<JSArray> result = factory->NewJSArray(0);
  Maybe<int> maybe_format_to_parts = ConstructParts(
      isolate, maybe_format.FromJust(), &fp_iter, result, 0, numeric_obj,
      number_format->style() == JSNumberFormat::Style::UNIT);
  MAYBE_RETURN(maybe_format_to_parts, Handle<JSArray>());

  return result;
}

namespace {

struct CheckNumberElements {
  static const char* key() { return "NumberElements"; }
  static const char* path() { return nullptr; }
};

}  // namespace

const std::set<std::string>& JSNumberFormat::GetAvailableLocales() {
  static base::LazyInstance<
      Intl::AvailableLocales<icu::NumberFormat, CheckNumberElements>>::type
      available_locales = LAZY_INSTANCE_INITIALIZER;
  return available_locales.Pointer()->Get();
}

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace v8